diff --git a/src/llama_stack/providers/remote/vector_io/milvus/milvus.py b/src/llama_stack/providers/remote/vector_io/milvus/milvus.py
index 73339b5be..d0bee8965 100644
--- a/src/llama_stack/providers/remote/vector_io/milvus/milvus.py
+++ b/src/llama_stack/providers/remote/vector_io/milvus/milvus.py
@@ -4,12 +4,11 @@
 # This source code is licensed under the terms described in the LICENSE file in
 # the root directory of this source tree.
 
-import asyncio
 import os
 from typing import Any
 
 from numpy.typing import NDArray
-from pymilvus import AnnSearchRequest, DataType, Function, FunctionType, MilvusClient, RRFRanker, WeightedRanker
+from pymilvus import AnnSearchRequest, AsyncMilvusClient, DataType, Function, FunctionType, RRFRanker, WeightedRanker
 
 from llama_stack.apis.common.errors import VectorStoreNotFoundError
 from llama_stack.apis.files import Files
@@ -44,7 +43,11 @@ OPENAI_VECTOR_STORES_FILES_CONTENTS_PREFIX = f"openai_vector_stores_files_conten
 
 class MilvusIndex(EmbeddingIndex):
     def __init__(
-        self, client: MilvusClient, collection_name: str, consistency_level="Strong", kvstore: KVStore | None = None
+        self,
+        client: AsyncMilvusClient,
+        collection_name: str,
+        consistency_level="Strong",
+        kvstore: KVStore | None = None,
     ):
         self.client = client
         self.collection_name = sanitize_collection_name(collection_name)
@@ -57,15 +60,15 @@ class MilvusIndex(EmbeddingIndex):
         pass
 
     async def delete(self):
-        if await asyncio.to_thread(self.client.has_collection, self.collection_name):
-            await asyncio.to_thread(self.client.drop_collection, collection_name=self.collection_name)
+        if await self.client.has_collection(self.collection_name):
+            await self.client.drop_collection(collection_name=self.collection_name)
 
     async def add_chunks(self, chunks: list[Chunk], embeddings: NDArray):
         assert len(chunks) == len(embeddings), (
             f"Chunk length {len(chunks)} does not match embedding length {len(embeddings)}"
         )
 
-        if not await asyncio.to_thread(self.client.has_collection, self.collection_name):
+        if not await self.client.has_collection(self.collection_name):
             logger.info(f"Creating new collection {self.collection_name} with nullable sparse field")
             # Create schema for vector search
             schema = self.client.create_schema()
@@ -96,8 +99,7 @@ class MilvusIndex(EmbeddingIndex):
             )
             schema.add_function(bm25_function)
 
-            await asyncio.to_thread(
-                self.client.create_collection,
+            await self.client.create_collection(
                 self.collection_name,
                 schema=schema,
                 index_params=index_params,
@@ -116,14 +118,16 @@ class MilvusIndex(EmbeddingIndex):
                 }
             )
         try:
-            await asyncio.to_thread(self.client.insert, self.collection_name, data=data)
+            await self.client.insert(
+                self.collection_name,
+                data=data,
+            )
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error(f"Error inserting chunks into Milvus collection {self.collection_name}: {e}")
             raise e
 
     async def query_vector(self, embedding: NDArray, k: int, score_threshold: float) -> QueryChunksResponse:
-        search_res = await asyncio.to_thread(
-            self.client.search,
+        search_res = await self.client.search(
             collection_name=self.collection_name,
             data=[embedding],
             anns_field="vector",
@@ -141,8 +145,7 @@ class MilvusIndex(EmbeddingIndex):
         """
         try:
             # Use Milvus's built-in BM25 search
-            search_res = await asyncio.to_thread(
-                self.client.search,
+            search_res = await self.client.search(
                 collection_name=self.collection_name,
                 data=[query_string],  # Raw text query
                 anns_field="sparse",  # Use sparse field for BM25
@@ -178,8 +181,7 @@ class MilvusIndex(EmbeddingIndex):
         Fallback to simple text search when BM25 search is not available.
         """
         # Simple text search using content field
-        search_res = await asyncio.to_thread(
-            self.client.query,
+        search_res = await self.client.query(
             collection_name=self.collection_name,
             filter='content like "%{content}%"',
             filter_params={"content": query_string},
@@ -226,8 +228,7 @@ class MilvusIndex(EmbeddingIndex):
             impact_factor = (reranker_params or {}).get("impact_factor", 60.0)
             rerank = RRFRanker(impact_factor)
 
-        search_res = await asyncio.to_thread(
-            self.client.hybrid_search,
+        search_res = await self.client.hybrid_search(
             collection_name=self.collection_name,
             reqs=search_requests,
             ranker=rerank,
@@ -253,9 +254,7 @@ class MilvusIndex(EmbeddingIndex):
         try:
             # Use IN clause with square brackets and single quotes for VARCHAR field
             chunk_ids_str = ", ".join(f"'{chunk_id}'" for chunk_id in chunk_ids)
-            await asyncio.to_thread(
-                self.client.delete, collection_name=self.collection_name, filter=f"chunk_id in [{chunk_ids_str}]"
-            )
+            await self.client.delete(collection_name=self.collection_name, filter=f"chunk_id in [{chunk_ids_str}]")
         except Exception as e:
             logger.error(f"Error deleting chunks from Milvus collection {self.collection_name}: {e}")
             raise
@@ -297,17 +296,17 @@ class MilvusVectorIOAdapter(OpenAIVectorStoreMixin, VectorIO, VectorStoresProtoc
             self.cache[vector_store.identifier] = index
         if isinstance(self.config, RemoteMilvusVectorIOConfig):
             logger.info(f"Connecting to Milvus server at {self.config.uri}")
-            self.client = MilvusClient(**self.config.model_dump(exclude_none=True))
+            self.client = AsyncMilvusClient(**self.config.model_dump(exclude_none=True))
         else:
             logger.info(f"Connecting to Milvus Lite at: {self.config.db_path}")
             uri = os.path.expanduser(self.config.db_path)
-            self.client = MilvusClient(uri=uri)
+            self.client = AsyncMilvusClient(uri=uri)
 
         # Load existing OpenAI vector stores into the in-memory cache
         await self.initialize_openai_vector_stores()
 
     async def shutdown(self) -> None:
-        self.client.close()
+        await self.client.close()
         # Clean up mixin resources (file batch tasks)
         await super().shutdown()
 
diff --git a/tests/unit/providers/vector_io/conftest.py b/tests/unit/providers/vector_io/conftest.py
index 5e56ea417..0960a9c52 100644
--- a/tests/unit/providers/vector_io/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/unit/providers/vector_io/conftest.py
@@ -9,20 +9,26 @@ from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
 
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
+from chromadb import PersistentClient
+from pymilvus import AsyncMilvusClient, connections
 
+from llama_stack.apis.vector_dbs import VectorDB
 from llama_stack.apis.vector_io import Chunk, ChunkMetadata, QueryChunksResponse
 from llama_stack.apis.vector_stores import VectorStore
 from llama_stack.core.storage.datatypes import KVStoreReference, SqliteKVStoreConfig
 from llama_stack.providers.inline.vector_io.faiss.config import FaissVectorIOConfig
 from llama_stack.providers.inline.vector_io.faiss.faiss import FaissIndex, FaissVectorIOAdapter
+from llama_stack.providers.inline.vector_io.milvus.config import MilvusVectorIOConfig
 from llama_stack.providers.inline.vector_io.sqlite_vec import SQLiteVectorIOConfig
 from llama_stack.providers.inline.vector_io.sqlite_vec.sqlite_vec import SQLiteVecIndex, SQLiteVecVectorIOAdapter
+from llama_stack.providers.remote.vector_io.milvus.milvus import MilvusIndex, MilvusVectorIOAdapter
 from llama_stack.providers.remote.vector_io.pgvector.config import PGVectorVectorIOConfig
 from llama_stack.providers.remote.vector_io.pgvector.pgvector import PGVectorIndex, PGVectorVectorIOAdapter
 from llama_stack.providers.utils.kvstore import register_kvstore_backends
 
 EMBEDDING_DIMENSION = 768
 COLLECTION_PREFIX = "test_collection"
+MILVUS_ALIAS = "test_milvus"
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(params=["sqlite_vec", "faiss", "pgvector"])
@@ -141,7 +147,7 @@ async def sqlite_vec_vec_index(embedding_dimension, tmp_path_factory):
     await index.initialize()
     index.db_path = db_path
     yield index
-    index.delete()
+    await index.delete()
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -170,6 +176,48 @@ async def sqlite_vec_adapter(sqlite_vec_db_path, unique_kvstore_config, mock_inf
     await adapter.shutdown()
 
 
+@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
+def milvus_vec_db_path(tmp_path_factory):
+    db_path = str(tmp_path_factory.getbasetemp() / "test_milvus.db")
+    return db_path
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+async def milvus_vec_index(milvus_vec_db_path, embedding_dimension):
+    client = AsyncMilvusClient(milvus_vec_db_path)
+    name = f"{COLLECTION_PREFIX}_{np.random.randint(1e6)}"
+    connections.connect(alias=MILVUS_ALIAS, uri=milvus_vec_db_path)
+    index = MilvusIndex(client, name, consistency_level="Strong")
+    index.db_path = milvus_vec_db_path
+    yield index
+    # Proper cleanup: close the async client
+    await client.close()
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+async def milvus_vec_adapter(milvus_vec_db_path, mock_inference_api):
+    config = MilvusVectorIOConfig(
+        db_path=milvus_vec_db_path,
+        kvstore=SqliteKVStoreConfig(),
+    )
+    adapter = MilvusVectorIOAdapter(
+        config=config,
+        inference_api=mock_inference_api,
+        files_api=None,
+    )
+    await adapter.initialize()
+    await adapter.register_vector_db(
+        VectorDB(
+            identifier=adapter.metadata_collection_name,
+            provider_id="test_provider",
+            embedding_model="test_model",
+            embedding_dimension=128,
+        )
+    )
+    yield adapter
+    await adapter.shutdown()
+
+
 @pytest.fixture
 def faiss_vec_db_path(tmp_path_factory):
     db_path = str(tmp_path_factory.getbasetemp() / "test_faiss.db")
diff --git a/tests/unit/providers/vector_io/remote/test_milvus.py b/tests/unit/providers/vector_io/remote/test_milvus.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6e8817366
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/providers/vector_io/remote/test_milvus.py
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+# Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# This source code is licensed under the terms described in the LICENSE file in
+# the root directory of this source tree.
+
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
+
+import numpy as np
+import pytest
+
+from llama_stack.apis.vector_io import QueryChunksResponse
+
+# Mock the entire pymilvus module
+pymilvus_mock = MagicMock()
+pymilvus_mock.DataType = MagicMock()
+pymilvus_mock.AsyncMilvusClient = MagicMock
+pymilvus_mock.RRFRanker = MagicMock
+pymilvus_mock.WeightedRanker = MagicMock
+pymilvus_mock.AnnSearchRequest = MagicMock
+
+# Apply the mock before importing MilvusIndex
+with patch.dict("sys.modules", {"pymilvus": pymilvus_mock}):
+    from llama_stack.providers.remote.vector_io.milvus.milvus import MilvusIndex
+
+# This test is a unit test for the MilvusVectorIOAdapter class. This should only contain
+# tests which are specific to this class. More general (API-level) tests should be placed in
+# tests/integration/vector_io/
+#
+# How to run this test:
+#
+# pytest tests/unit/providers/vector_io/test_milvus.py \
+# -v -s --tb=short --disable-warnings --asyncio-mode=auto
+
+MILVUS_PROVIDER = "milvus"
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+async def mock_milvus_client() -> MagicMock:
+    """Create a mock Milvus client with common method behaviors."""
+    client = MagicMock()
+
+    # Mock async collection operations
+    client.has_collection = AsyncMock(return_value=False)  # Initially no collection
+    client.create_collection = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
+    client.drop_collection = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
+
+    # Mock async insert operation
+    client.insert = AsyncMock(return_value={"insert_count": 10})
+
+    # Mock async search operation - return mock results (data should be dict, not JSON string)
+    client.search = AsyncMock(
+        return_value=[
+            [
+                {
+                    "id": 0,
+                    "distance": 0.1,
+                    "entity": {"chunk_content": {"content": "mock chunk 1", "metadata": {"document_id": "doc1"}}},
+                },
+                {
+                    "id": 1,
+                    "distance": 0.2,
+                    "entity": {"chunk_content": {"content": "mock chunk 2", "metadata": {"document_id": "doc2"}}},
+                },
+            ]
+        ]
+    )
+
+    # Mock async query operation for keyword search (data should be dict, not JSON string)
+    client.query = AsyncMock(
+        return_value=[
+            {
+                "chunk_id": "chunk1",
+                "chunk_content": {"content": "mock chunk 1", "metadata": {"document_id": "doc1"}},
+                "score": 0.9,
+            },
+            {
+                "chunk_id": "chunk2",
+                "chunk_content": {"content": "mock chunk 2", "metadata": {"document_id": "doc2"}},
+                "score": 0.8,
+            },
+            {
+                "chunk_id": "chunk3",
+                "chunk_content": {"content": "mock chunk 3", "metadata": {"document_id": "doc3"}},
+                "score": 0.7,
+            },
+        ]
+    )
+
+    # Mock async hybrid_search operation
+    client.hybrid_search = AsyncMock(return_value=[])
+
+    # Mock async delete operation
+    client.delete = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
+
+    # Mock async close operation
+    client.close = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
+
+    return client
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+async def milvus_index(mock_milvus_client):
+    """Create a MilvusIndex with mocked client."""
+    index = MilvusIndex(client=mock_milvus_client, collection_name="test_collection")
+    yield index
+    # No real cleanup needed since we're using mocks
+
+
+async def test_add_chunks(milvus_index, sample_chunks, sample_embeddings, mock_milvus_client):
+    # Setup: collection doesn't exist initially, then exists after creation
+    mock_milvus_client.has_collection.side_effect = [False, True]
+
+    await milvus_index.add_chunks(sample_chunks, sample_embeddings)
+
+    # Verify collection was created and data was inserted
+    mock_milvus_client.create_collection.assert_called_once()
+    mock_milvus_client.insert.assert_called_once()
+
+    # Verify the insert call had the right number of chunks
+    insert_call = mock_milvus_client.insert.call_args
+    assert len(insert_call[1]["data"]) == len(sample_chunks)
+
+
+async def test_query_chunks_vector(
+    milvus_index, sample_chunks, sample_embeddings, embedding_dimension, mock_milvus_client
+):
+    # Setup: Add chunks first
+    mock_milvus_client.has_collection.return_value = True
+    await milvus_index.add_chunks(sample_chunks, sample_embeddings)
+
+    # Test vector search
+    query_embedding = np.random.rand(embedding_dimension).astype(np.float32)
+    response = await milvus_index.query_vector(query_embedding, k=2, score_threshold=0.0)
+
+    assert isinstance(response, QueryChunksResponse)
+    assert len(response.chunks) == 2
+    mock_milvus_client.search.assert_called_once()
+
+
+async def test_query_chunks_keyword_search(milvus_index, sample_chunks, sample_embeddings, mock_milvus_client):
+    mock_milvus_client.has_collection.return_value = True
+    await milvus_index.add_chunks(sample_chunks, sample_embeddings)
+
+    # Test keyword search
+    query_string = "Sentence 5"
+    response = await milvus_index.query_keyword(query_string=query_string, k=2, score_threshold=0.0)
+
+    assert isinstance(response, QueryChunksResponse)
+    assert len(response.chunks) == 2
+
+
+async def test_bm25_fallback_to_simple_search(milvus_index, sample_chunks, sample_embeddings, mock_milvus_client):
+    """Test that when BM25 search fails, the system falls back to simple text search."""
+    mock_milvus_client.has_collection.return_value = True
+    await milvus_index.add_chunks(sample_chunks, sample_embeddings)
+
+    # Force BM25 search to fail
+    mock_milvus_client.search.side_effect = Exception("BM25 search not available")
+
+    # Mock simple text search results
+    mock_milvus_client.query.return_value = [
+        {
+            "chunk_id": "chunk1",
+            "chunk_content": {"content": "Python programming language", "metadata": {"document_id": "doc1"}},
+        },
+        {
+            "chunk_id": "chunk2",
+            "chunk_content": {"content": "Machine learning algorithms", "metadata": {"document_id": "doc2"}},
+        },
+    ]
+
+    # Test keyword search that should fall back to simple text search
+    query_string = "Python"
+    response = await milvus_index.query_keyword(query_string=query_string, k=3, score_threshold=0.0)
+
+    # Verify response structure
+    assert isinstance(response, QueryChunksResponse)
+    assert len(response.chunks) > 0, "Fallback search should return results"
+
+    # Verify that simple text search was used (query method called instead of search)
+    mock_milvus_client.query.assert_called_once()
+    mock_milvus_client.search.assert_called_once()  # Called once but failed
+
+    # Verify the query uses parameterized filter with filter_params
+    query_call_args = mock_milvus_client.query.call_args
+    assert "filter" in query_call_args[1], "Query should include filter for text search"
+    assert "filter_params" in query_call_args[1], "Query should use parameterized filter"
+    assert query_call_args[1]["filter_params"]["content"] == "Python", "Filter params should contain the search term"
+
+    # Verify all returned chunks have score 1.0 (simple binary scoring)
+    assert all(score == 1.0 for score in response.scores), "Simple text search should use binary scoring"
+
+
+async def test_delete_collection(milvus_index, mock_milvus_client):
+    # Test collection deletion
+    mock_milvus_client.has_collection.return_value = True
+
+    await milvus_index.delete()
+
+    mock_milvus_client.drop_collection.assert_called_once_with(collection_name=milvus_index.collection_name)
+
+
+async def test_query_hybrid_search_rrf(
+    milvus_index, sample_chunks, sample_embeddings, embedding_dimension, mock_milvus_client
+):
+    """Test hybrid search with RRF reranker."""
+    mock_milvus_client.has_collection.return_value = True
+    await milvus_index.add_chunks(sample_chunks, sample_embeddings)
+
+    # Mock hybrid search results
+    mock_milvus_client.hybrid_search.return_value = [
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 0,
+                "distance": 0.1,
+                "entity": {"chunk_content": {"content": "mock chunk 1", "metadata": {"document_id": "doc1"}}},
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 1,
+                "distance": 0.2,
+                "entity": {"chunk_content": {"content": "mock chunk 2", "metadata": {"document_id": "doc2"}}},
+            },
+        ]
+    ]
+
+    # Test hybrid search with RRF reranker
+    query_embedding = np.random.rand(embedding_dimension).astype(np.float32)
+    query_string = "test query"
+    response = await milvus_index.query_hybrid(
+        embedding=query_embedding,
+        query_string=query_string,
+        k=2,
+        score_threshold=0.0,
+        reranker_type="rrf",
+        reranker_params={"impact_factor": 60.0},
+    )
+
+    assert isinstance(response, QueryChunksResponse)
+    assert len(response.chunks) == 2
+    assert len(response.scores) == 2
+
+    # Verify hybrid search was called with correct parameters
+    mock_milvus_client.hybrid_search.assert_called_once()
+    call_args = mock_milvus_client.hybrid_search.call_args
+
+    # Check that the request contains both vector and BM25 search requests
+    reqs = call_args[1]["reqs"]
+    assert len(reqs) == 2
+    assert reqs[0].anns_field == "vector"
+    assert reqs[1].anns_field == "sparse"
+    ranker = call_args[1]["ranker"]
+    assert ranker is not None
+
+
+async def test_query_hybrid_search_weighted(
+    milvus_index, sample_chunks, sample_embeddings, embedding_dimension, mock_milvus_client
+):
+    """Test hybrid search with weighted reranker."""
+    mock_milvus_client.has_collection.return_value = True
+    await milvus_index.add_chunks(sample_chunks, sample_embeddings)
+
+    # Mock hybrid search results
+    mock_milvus_client.hybrid_search.return_value = [
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 0,
+                "distance": 0.1,
+                "entity": {"chunk_content": {"content": "mock chunk 1", "metadata": {"document_id": "doc1"}}},
+            },
+            {
+                "id": 1,
+                "distance": 0.2,
+                "entity": {"chunk_content": {"content": "mock chunk 2", "metadata": {"document_id": "doc2"}}},
+            },
+        ]
+    ]
+
+    # Test hybrid search with weighted reranker
+    query_embedding = np.random.rand(embedding_dimension).astype(np.float32)
+    query_string = "test query"
+    response = await milvus_index.query_hybrid(
+        embedding=query_embedding,
+        query_string=query_string,
+        k=2,
+        score_threshold=0.0,
+        reranker_type="weighted",
+        reranker_params={"alpha": 0.7},
+    )
+
+    assert isinstance(response, QueryChunksResponse)
+    assert len(response.chunks) == 2
+    assert len(response.scores) == 2
+
+    # Verify hybrid search was called with correct parameters
+    mock_milvus_client.hybrid_search.assert_called_once()
+    call_args = mock_milvus_client.hybrid_search.call_args
+    ranker = call_args[1]["ranker"]
+    assert ranker is not None
+
+
+async def test_query_hybrid_search_default_rrf(
+    milvus_index, sample_chunks, sample_embeddings, embedding_dimension, mock_milvus_client
+):
+    """Test hybrid search with default RRF reranker (no reranker_type specified)."""
+    mock_milvus_client.has_collection.return_value = True
+    await milvus_index.add_chunks(sample_chunks, sample_embeddings)
+
+    # Mock hybrid search results
+    mock_milvus_client.hybrid_search.return_value = [
+        [
+            {
+                "id": 0,
+                "distance": 0.1,
+                "entity": {"chunk_content": {"content": "mock chunk 1", "metadata": {"document_id": "doc1"}}},
+            },
+        ]
+    ]
+
+    # Test hybrid search with default reranker (should be RRF)
+    query_embedding = np.random.rand(embedding_dimension).astype(np.float32)
+    query_string = "test query"
+    response = await milvus_index.query_hybrid(
+        embedding=query_embedding,
+        query_string=query_string,
+        k=1,
+        score_threshold=0.0,
+        reranker_type="unknown_type",  # Should default to RRF
+        reranker_params=None,  # Should use default impact_factor
+    )
+
+    assert isinstance(response, QueryChunksResponse)
+    assert len(response.chunks) == 1
+
+    # Verify hybrid search was called with RRF reranker
+    mock_milvus_client.hybrid_search.assert_called_once()
+    call_args = mock_milvus_client.hybrid_search.call_args
+    ranker = call_args[1]["ranker"]
+    assert ranker is not None
diff --git a/tests/unit/providers/vector_io/test_vector_io_openai_vector_stores.py b/tests/unit/providers/vector_io/test_vector_io_openai_vector_stores.py
index 121623e1b..2143f5ccc 100644
--- a/tests/unit/providers/vector_io/test_vector_io_openai_vector_stores.py
+++ b/tests/unit/providers/vector_io/test_vector_io_openai_vector_stores.py
@@ -48,12 +48,12 @@ async def test_initialize_index(vector_index):
 
 
 async def test_add_chunks_query_vector(vector_index, sample_chunks, sample_embeddings):
-    vector_index.delete()
-    vector_index.initialize()
+    await vector_index.delete()
+    await vector_index.initialize()
     await vector_index.add_chunks(sample_chunks, sample_embeddings)
     resp = await vector_index.query_vector(sample_embeddings[0], k=1, score_threshold=-1)
     assert resp.chunks[0].content == sample_chunks[0].content
-    vector_index.delete()
+    await vector_index.delete()
 
 
 async def test_chunk_id_conflict(vector_index, sample_chunks, embedding_dimension):