In progress: Add NVIDIA e2e notebook

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+{"id": "5728170d3acd2414000df444", "answers": {"text": ["over 2,000", "2,000 buildings", "over 2,"], "answer_start": [271, 276, 271]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: On May 3, 1901, downtown Jacksonville was ravaged by a fire that started as a kitchen fire. Spanish moss at a nearby mattress factory was quickly engulfed in flames and enabling the fire to spread rapidly. In just eight hours, it swept through 146 city blocks, destroyed over 2,000 buildings, left about 10,000 homeless and killed 7 residents. The Confederate Monument in Hemming Park was one of the only landmarks to survive the fire. Governor Jennings declare martial law and sent the state militia to maintain order. On May 17 municipal authority resumed in Jacksonville. It is said the glow from the flames could be seen in Savannah, Georgia, and the smoke plumes seen in Raleigh, North Carolina. Known as the \"Great Fire of 1901\", it was one of the worst disasters in Florida history and the largest urban fire in the southeastern United States. Architect Henry John Klutho was a primary figure in the reconstruction of the city. The first multi-story structure built by Klutho was the Dyal-Upchurch Building in 1902. The St. James Building, built on the previous site of the St. James Hotel that burned down, was built in 1912 as Klutho's crowning achievement.\nQuestion: How many buildings were razed by the Jacksonville fire? Answer:", "ideal_response": "over 2,000"}
+{"id": "5726e680dd62a815002e946f", "answers": {"text": ["between 1859 and 1865", "1859 and 1865", "between 1859 and 1865"], "answer_start": [79, 87, 79]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Soulages collection of Italian and French Renaissance objects was acquired between 1859 and 1865, and includes several cassone. The John Jones Collection of French 18th-century art and furnishings was left to the museum in 1882, then valued at £250,000. One of the most important pieces in this collection is a marquetry commode by the ébéniste Jean Henri Riesener dated c1780. Other signed pieces of furniture in the collection include a bureau by Jean-François Oeben, a pair of pedestals with inlaid brass work by André Charles Boulle, a commode by Bernard Vanrisamburgh and a work-table by Martin Carlin. Other 18th-century ébénistes represented in the Museum collection include Adam Weisweiler, David Roentgen, Gilles Joubert & Pierre Langlois. In 1901, Sir George Donaldson donated several pieces of art Nouveau furniture to the museum, which he had acquired the previous year at the Paris Exposition Universelle. This was criticized at the time, with the result that the museum ceased to collect contemporary items and did not do so again until the 1960s. In 1986 the Lady Abingdon collection of French Empire furniture was bequeathed by Mrs T. R. P. Hole.\nQuestion: When was the Soulages collection acquired? Answer:", "ideal_response": "between 1859 and 1865"}
+{"id": "572681ab708984140094c85e", "answers": {"text": ["1938", "1938", "1938"], "answer_start": [210, 210, 210]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In 1934, Mutual filed a complaint with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regarding its difficulties in establishing new stations, in a radio market that was already being saturated by NBC and CBS. In 1938, the FCC began a series of investigations into the practices of radio networks and published its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs in 1940. The report recommended that RCA give up control of either NBC Red or NBC Blue. At that time, the NBC Red Network was the principal radio network in the United States and, according to the FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue to eliminate any hint of competition. Having no power over the networks themselves, the FCC established a regulation forbidding licenses to be issued for radio stations if they were affiliated with a network which already owned multiple networks that provided content of public interest.\nQuestion: In what year did the FCC begin an investigation in to the operation of radio networks in America Answer:", "ideal_response": "1938"}
+{"id": "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcc", "answers": {"text": ["Hugues Capet", "Hugues Capet", "Hugues Capet"], "answer_start": [265, 265, 265]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Some disagree with such double or triple non-French linguistic origins, arguing that for the word to have spread into common use in France, it must have originated in the French language. The \"Hugues hypothesis\" argues that the name was derived by association with Hugues Capet, king of France, who reigned long before the Reformation. He was regarded by the Gallicans and Protestants as a noble man who respected people's dignity and lives. Janet Gray and other supporters of the hypothesis suggest that the name huguenote would be roughly equivalent to little Hugos, or those who want Hugo.\nQuestion: From what French King did the Huguenot name possibly descend? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Hugues Capet"}
+{"id": "57269656708984140094caff", "answers": {"text": ["on the city's waterfront", "on the city's waterfront", "on the city's waterfront"], "answer_start": [421, 421, 421]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The V&A is in discussion with the University of Dundee, University of Abertay, Dundee City Council and the Scottish Government with a view to opening a new £43 million gallery in Dundee that would use the V&A brand although it would be funded through and operated independently. As of 2015, with costs estimated at £76 million, it is the most expensive gallery project ever undertaken in Scotland. The V&A Dundee will be on the city's waterfront and is intended to focus on fashion, architecture, product design, graphic arts and photography. It is planned that it could open within five years. Dundee City Council is expected to pay a major part of the running costs. The V&A is not contributing financially, but will be providing expertise, loans and exhibitions.\nQuestion: Where in Dundee will the gallery be located? Answer:", "ideal_response": "on the city's waterfront"}
+{"id": "57293bc91d0469140077919d", "answers": {"text": ["Ismail El Gizouli", "Ismail El Gizouli", "Ismail El Gizouli"], "answer_start": [181, 181, 181]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Korean economist Hoesung Lee is the chair of the IPCC since October 8, 2015, following the election of the new IPCC Bureau. Before this election, the IPCC was led by his vice-Chair Ismail El Gizouli, who was designated acting Chair after the resignation of Rajendra K. Pachauri in February 2015. The previous chairs were Rajendra K. Pachauri, elected in May 2002; Robert Watson in 1997; and Bert Bolin in 1988. The chair is assisted by an elected bureau including vice-chairs, working group co-chairs, and a secretariat.\nQuestion: Who is the vice-chair of the IPCC? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Ismail El Gizouli"}
+{"id": "57264fe65951b619008f6fa1", "answers": {"text": ["confirmed and amended", "confirmed and amended", "confirmed and amended"], "answer_start": [49, 49, 49]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The results of the Haensch study have since been confirmed and amended. Based on genetic evidence derived from Black Death victims in the East Smithfield burial site in England, Schuenemann et al. concluded in 2011 \"that the Black Death in medieval Europe was caused by a variant of Y. pestis that may no longer exist.\" A study published in Nature in October 2011 sequenced the genome of Y. pestis from plague victims and indicated that the strain that caused the Black Death is ancestral to most modern strains of the disease.\nQuestion: What is the current status of the Haensch study? Answer:", "ideal_response": "confirmed and amended"}
+{"id": "5729f4b41d0469140077968c", "answers": {"text": ["around 200–300", "around 200–300", "around 200–300"], "answer_start": [416, 416, 416]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Helper T cells express T cell receptors (TCR) that recognize antigen bound to Class II MHC molecules. The MHC:antigen complex is also recognized by the helper cell's CD4 co-receptor, which recruits molecules inside the T cell (e.g., Lck) that are responsible for the T cell's activation. Helper T cells have a weaker association with the MHC:antigen complex than observed for killer T cells, meaning many receptors (around 200–300) on the helper T cell must be bound by an MHC:antigen in order to activate the helper cell, while killer T cells can be activated by engagement of a single MHC:antigen molecule. Helper T cell activation also requires longer duration of engagement with an antigen-presenting cell. The activation of a resting helper T cell causes it to release cytokines that influence the activity of many cell types. Cytokine signals produced by helper T cells enhance the microbicidal function of macrophages and the activity of killer T cells. In addition, helper T cell activation causes an upregulation of molecules expressed on the T cell's surface, such as CD40 ligand (also called CD154), which provide extra stimulatory signals typically required to activate antibody-producing B cells.\nQuestion: How many receptors on a helper T cell must be bound to a MHC:antigen complex in order for the cell to be activated? Answer:", "ideal_response": "around 200–300"}
+{"id": "572872822ca10214002da376", "answers": {"text": ["both the army and the populace", "army and the populace", "the army and the populace"], "answer_start": [455, 464, 460]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The final years of the Yuan dynasty were marked by struggle, famine, and bitterness among the populace. In time, Kublai Khan's successors lost all influence on other Mongol lands across Asia, while the Mongols beyond the Middle Kingdom saw them as too Chinese. Gradually, they lost influence in China as well. The reigns of the later Yuan emperors were short and marked by intrigues and rivalries. Uninterested in administration, they were separated from both the army and the populace, and China was torn by dissension and unrest. Outlaws ravaged the country without interference from the weakening Yuan armies.\nQuestion: Who were later Yuan emperors isolated from? Answer:", "ideal_response": "both the army and the populace"}
+{"id": "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17369", "answers": {"text": ["Roman Catholic", "Roman Catholic", "Roman Catholic"], "answer_start": [207, 207, 207]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In 1516, Johann Tetzel, a Dominican friar and papal commissioner for indulgences, was sent to Germany by the Roman Catholic Church to sell indulgences to raise money to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Roman Catholic theology stated that faith alone, whether fiduciary or dogmatic, cannot justify man; justification rather depends only on such faith as is active in charity and good works (fides caritate formata). The benefits of good works could be obtained by donating money to the church.\nQuestion: What theology states that faith alone isn't enough to justify man? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Roman Catholic"}
+{"id": "56f7e9caaef2371900625c56", "answers": {"text": ["University of Erfurt", "University of Erfurt", "University of Erfurt"], "answer_start": [42, 42, 42]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In 1501, at the age of 19, he entered the University of Erfurt, which he later described as a beerhouse and whorehouse. He was made to wake at four every morning for what has been described as \"a day of rote learning and often wearying spiritual exercises.\" He received his master's degree in 1505.\nQuestion: Where did Martin Luther go to school? Answer:", "ideal_response": "University of Erfurt"}
+{"id": "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17416", "answers": {"text": ["knight winning a bout", "a knight winning a bout", "traditional salute of a knight winning a bout"], "answer_start": [81, 79, 57]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: At the end of this speech, Luther raised his arm \"in the traditional salute of a knight winning a bout.\" Michael Mullett considers this speech as a \"world classic of epoch-making oratory.\"\nQuestion: What was the style of Luther's salute at the end of his speech? Answer:", "ideal_response": "knight winning a bout"}
+{"id": "57266783f1498d1400e8de88", "answers": {"text": ["a pointless pursuit", "a pointless pursuit", "a pointless pursuit"], "answer_start": [396, 396, 396]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: From 1530 a royal act restricted all shipments of coal from Tyneside to Newcastle Quayside, giving a monopoly in the coal trade to a cartel of Newcastle burgesses known as the Hostmen. This monopoly, which lasted for a considerable time, helped Newcastle prosper and develop into a major town. The phrase taking coals to Newcastle was first recorded contextually in 1538. The phrase itself means a pointless pursuit. In the 18th century American Timothy Dexter, an entrepreneur, widely regarded as an eccentric, defied this idiom. He was persuaded to sail a shipment of coal to Newcastle by merchants plotting to ruin him; however his shipment arrived on the Tyne during a strike that had crippled local production; unexpectedly he made a considerable profit.\nQuestion: What does the phrase \"taking coals to Newcastle\" mean? Answer:", "ideal_response": "a pointless pursuit"}
+{"id": "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab3", "answers": {"text": ["American Sweetgum", "orange and lemon trees", "American Sweetgum"], "answer_start": [685, 796, 685]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The central garden was redesigned by Kim Wilkie and opened as the John Madejski Garden, on 5 July 2005. The design is a subtle blend of the traditional and modern, the layout is formal; there is an elliptical water feature lined in stone with steps around the edge which may be drained to use the area for receptions, gatherings or exhibition purposes. This is in front of the bronze doors leading to the refreshment rooms, a central path flanked by lawns leads to the sculpture gallery; the north, east and west sides have herbaceous borders along the museum walls with paths in front which continues along the south façade; in the two corners by the north façade there is planted an American Sweetgum tree; the southern, eastern and western edges of the lawns have glass planters which contain orange and lemon trees in summer, these are replaced by bay trees in winter.\nQuestion: Which tree species is planted in the two corners by the north facade? Answer:", "ideal_response": "American Sweetgum"}
+{"id": "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a2", "answers": {"text": ["Pannerdens Kanaal", "Pannerdens Kanaal", "the Pannerdens Kanaal"], "answer_start": [47, 47, 43]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The other third of the water flows through the Pannerdens Kanaal and redistributes in the IJssel and Nederrijn. The IJssel branch carries one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer (a former bay), while the Nederrijn carries approximately two ninths of the flow west along a route parallel to the Waal. However, at Wijk bij Duurstede, the Nederrijn changes its name and becomes the Lek. It flows farther west, to rejoin the Noord River into the Nieuwe Maas and to the North Sea.\nQuestion: If two thirds of the Rhine flows through the Maas, where doe the other one third flow through? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Pannerdens Kanaal"}
+{"id": "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc28", "answers": {"text": ["about a third.", "about a third", "about a third"], "answer_start": [128, 128, 128]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The most widely accepted estimate for the Middle East, including Iraq, Iran and Syria, during this time, is for a death rate of about a third. The Black Death killed about 40% of Egypt's population. Half of Paris's population of 100,000 people died. In Italy, the population of Florence was reduced from 110–120 thousand inhabitants in 1338 down to 50 thousand in 1351. At least 60% of the population of Hamburg and Bremen perished, and a similar percentage of Londoners may have died from the disease as well. Interestingly while contemporary reports account of mass burial pits being created in response to the large numbers of dead, recent scientific investigations of a burial pit in Central London found well-preserved individuals to be buried in isolated, evenly spaced graves, suggesting at least some pre-planning and Christian burials at this time. Before 1350, there were about 170,000 settlements in Germany, and this was reduced by nearly 40,000 by 1450. In 1348, the plague spread so rapidly that before any physicians or government authorities had time to reflect upon its origins, about a third of the European population had already perished. In crowded cities, it was not uncommon for as much as 50% of the population to die. The disease bypassed some areas, and the most isolated areas were less vulnerable to contagion. Monks and priests were especially hard hit since they cared for victims of the Black Death.\nQuestion: How much of the population in the Middle East died of the plague? Answer:", "ideal_response": "about a third."}
+{"id": "5725cf3238643c19005acd65", "answers": {"text": ["Michael Heckenberger and colleagues of the University of Florida", "Michael Heckenberger and colleagues of the University of Florida", "Michael Heckenberger and colleagues of the University of Florida"], "answer_start": [577, 577, 577]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Terra preta (black earth), which is distributed over large areas in the Amazon forest, is now widely accepted as a product of indigenous soil management. The development of this fertile soil allowed agriculture and silviculture in the previously hostile environment; meaning that large portions of the Amazon rainforest are probably the result of centuries of human management, rather than naturally occurring as has previously been supposed. In the region of the Xingu tribe, remains of some of these large settlements in the middle of the Amazon forest were found in 2003 by Michael Heckenberger and colleagues of the University of Florida. Among those were evidence of roads, bridges and large plazas.\nQuestion: Who discovered this and where did they come from? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Michael Heckenberger and colleagues of the University of Florida"}
+{"id": "572863c72ca10214002da2d8", "answers": {"text": ["nephew", "nephew", "nephew"], "answer_start": [319, 319, 319]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Genghis Khan united the Mongol and Turkic tribes of the steppes and became Great Khan in 1206. He and his successors expanded the Mongol empire across Asia. Under the reign of Genghis' third son, Ögedei Khan, the Mongols destroyed the weakened Jin dynasty in 1234, conquering most of northern China. Ögedei offered his nephew Kublai a position in Xingzhou, Hebei. Kublai was unable to read Chinese but had several Han Chinese teachers attached to him since his early years by his mother Sorghaghtani. He sought the counsel of Chinese Buddhist and Confucian advisers. Möngke Khan succeeded Ögedei's son, Güyük, as Great Khan in 1251. He granted his brother Kublai control over Mongol held territories in China. Kublai built schools for Confucian scholars, issued paper money, revived Chinese rituals, and endorsed policies that stimulated agricultural and commercial growth. He adopted as his capital city Kaiping in Inner Mongolia, later renamed Shangdu.\nQuestion: What was Kublai Khan's relation to Ogedei Khan? Answer:", "ideal_response": "nephew"}
+{"id": "5705f09e75f01819005e77a8", "answers": {"text": ["Milton Latham", "Milton Latham", "Milton Latham"], "answer_start": [790, 790, 790]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Subsequently, Californios (dissatisfied with inequitable taxes and land laws) and pro-slavery southerners in the lightly populated \"Cow Counties\" of southern California attempted three times in the 1850s to achieve a separate statehood or territorial status separate from Northern California. The last attempt, the Pico Act of 1859, was passed by the California State Legislature and signed by the State governor John B. Weller. It was approved overwhelmingly by nearly 75% of voters in the proposed Territory of Colorado. This territory was to include all the counties up to the then much larger Tulare County (that included what is now Kings, most of Kern, and part of Inyo counties) and San Luis Obispo County. The proposal was sent to Washington, D.C. with a strong advocate in Senator Milton Latham. However, the secession crisis following the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 led to the proposal never coming to a vote.\nQuestion: Which Senator was a strong advocate for the Pico Act? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Milton Latham"}
+{"id": "5705fd8475f01819005e7844", "answers": {"text": ["valleys", "valleys", "interior valleys"], "answer_start": [383, 383, 374]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Southern California consists of one of the more varied collections of geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes in a diversity outnumbering other major regions in the state and country. The region spans from Pacific Ocean islands, shorelines, beaches, and coastal plains, through the Transverse and Peninsular Ranges with their peaks, into the large and small interior valleys, to the vast deserts of California.\nQuestion: The mountain ranges tail off into what kind of geographical formation? Answer:", "ideal_response": "valleys"}
+{"id": "5726c4c8708984140094d0f5", "answers": {"text": ["Samarkand", "Samarkand", "Samarkand"], "answer_start": [82, 82, 82]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Mongols' conquest, even by their own standards, was brutal. After the capital Samarkand fell, the capital was moved to Bukhara by the remaining men, while Genghis Khan ordered two of his generals and their forces to completely destroy the remnants of the Khwarezmid Empire, including not only royal buildings, but entire towns, populations, and even vast swaths of farmland. According to legend, Genghis Khan even went so far as to divert a river through the Khwarezmid emperor's birthplace, erasing it from the map.[citation needed]\nQuestion: What was the capital of Khwarezmia before the Mongol invasion? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Samarkand"}
+{"id": "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ad", "answers": {"text": ["1879", "in 1879", "1879"], "answer_start": [611, 608, 611]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In 1875, Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria, on a Military Frontier scholarship. During his first year, Tesla never missed a lecture, earned the highest grades possible, passed nine exams (nearly twice as many required), started a Serbian culture club, and even received a letter of commendation from the dean of the technical faculty to his father, which stated, \"Your son is a star of first rank.\" Tesla claimed that he worked from 3 a.m. to 11 p.m., no Sundays or holidays excepted. He was \"mortified when [his] father made light of [those] hard won honors.\" After his father's death in 1879, Tesla found a package of letters from his professors to his father, warning that unless he were removed from the school, Tesla would be killed through overwork. During his second year, Tesla came into conflict with Professor Poeschl over the Gramme dynamo, when Tesla suggested that commutators weren't necessary. At the end of his second year, Tesla lost his scholarship and became addicted to gambling. During his third year, Tesla gambled away his allowance and his tuition money, later gambling back his initial losses and returning the balance to his family. Tesla said that he \"conquered [his] passion then and there,\" but later he was known to play billiards in the US. When exam time came, Tesla was unprepared and asked for an extension to study, but was denied. He never graduated from the university and did not receive grades for the last semester.\nQuestion: When did Tesla's father die? Answer:", "ideal_response": "1879"}
+{"id": "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38a", "answers": {"text": ["1874", "In 1874", "1874"], "answer_start": [3, 0, 3]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In 1874, Tesla evaded being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army in Smiljan by running away to Tomingaj, near Gračac. There, he explored the mountains in hunter's garb. Tesla said that this contact with nature made him stronger, both physically and mentally. He read many books while in Tomingaj, and later said that Mark Twain's works had helped him to miraculously recover from his earlier illness.\nQuestion: When did Tesla go to Tomingaj? Answer:", "ideal_response": "1874"}
+{"id": "573368e54776f41900660a55", "answers": {"text": ["Masovian Primeval Forest", "Masovian Primeval Forest", "Masovian Primeval Forest"], "answer_start": [416, 416, 416]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The flora of the city may be considered very rich in species. The species richness is mainly due to the location of Warsaw within the border region of several big floral regions comprising substantial proportions of close-to-wilderness areas (natural forests, wetlands along the Vistula) as well as arable land, meadows and forests. Bielany Forest, located within the borders of Warsaw, is the remaining part of the Masovian Primeval Forest. Bielany Forest nature reserve is connected with Kampinos Forest. It is home to rich fauna and flora. Within the forest there are three cycling and walking trails. Other big forest area is Kabaty Forest by the southern city border. Warsaw has also two botanic gardens: by the Łazienki park (a didactic-research unit of the University of Warsaw) as well as by the Park of Culture and Rest in Powsin (a unit of the Polish Academy of Science).\nQuestion: What is the Bielany Forest the last remnant of? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Masovian Primeval Forest"}
+{"id": "56be53b8acb8001400a50316", "answers": {"text": ["2012", "2012", "2012"], "answer_start": [9, 9, 9]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In early 2012, NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell stated that the league planned to make the 50th Super Bowl \"spectacular\" and that it would be \"an important game for us as a league\".\nQuestion: In what year did Roger Goodell call Super Bowl 50 'an important game for us as a league'? Answer:", "ideal_response": "2012"}
+{"id": "572fec30947a6a140053cdf2", "answers": {"text": ["Basel", "Basel", "Basel"], "answer_start": [17, 17, 17]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In the centre of Basel, the first major city in the course of the stream, is located the \"Rhine knee\"; this is a major bend, where the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North. Here the High Rhine ends. Legally, the Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North as Upper Rhine through the Upper Rhine Plain, which is about 300 km long and up to 40 km wide. The most important tributaries in this area are the Ill below of Strasbourg, the Neckar in Mannheim and the Main across from Mainz. In Mainz, the Rhine leaves the Upper Rhine Valley and flows through the Mainz Basin.\nQuestion: What is the first major city in the course of the Rhine? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Basel"}
+{"id": "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2", "answers": {"text": ["pharynx", "pharynx", "pharynx"], "answer_start": [76, 76, 76]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The internal cavity forms: a mouth that can usually be closed by muscles; a pharynx (\"throat\"); a wider area in the center that acts as a stomach; and a system of internal canals. These branch through the mesoglea to the most active parts of the animal: the mouth and pharynx; the roots of the tentacles, if present; all along the underside of each comb row; and four branches round the sensory complex at the far end from the mouth – two of these four branches terminate in anal pores. The inner surface of the cavity is lined with an epithelium, the gastrodermis. The mouth and pharynx have both cilia and well-developed muscles. In other parts of the canal system, the gastrodermis is different on the sides nearest to and furthest from the organ that it supplies. The nearer side is composed of tall nutritive cells that store nutrients in vacuoles (internal compartments), germ cells that produce eggs or sperm, and photocytes that produce bioluminescence. The side furthest from the organ is covered with ciliated cells that circulate water through the canals, punctuated by ciliary rosettes, pores that are surrounded by double whorls of cilia and connect to the mesoglea.\nQuestion: What is the throat called? Answer:", "ideal_response": "pharynx"}
+{"id": "5726deed5951b619008f80c7", "answers": {"text": ["museum", "a museum", "museum"], "answer_start": [447, 445, 447]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In Europe there are old pharmacies still operating in Dubrovnik, Croatia, located inside the Franciscan monastery, opened in 1317; and in the Town Hall Square of Tallinn, Estonia, dating from at least 1422. The oldest is claimed to have been set up in 1221 in the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy, which now houses a perfume museum. The medieval Esteve Pharmacy, located in Llívia, a Catalan enclave close to Puigcerdà, also now a museum, dates back to the 15th century, keeping albarellos from the 16th and 17th centuries, old prescription books and antique drugs.\nQuestion: What is the medieval Esteve Pharmacy used as at present? Answer:", "ideal_response": "museum"}
+{"id": "5729789b6aef051400154f6d", "answers": {"text": ["two", "two", "two"], "answer_start": [10, 10, 10]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Next, the two plastid-dividing rings, or PD rings form. The inner plastid-dividing ring is located in the inner side of the chloroplast's inner membrane, and is formed first. The outer plastid-dividing ring is found wrapped around the outer chloroplast membrane. It consists of filaments about 5 nanometers across, arranged in rows 6.4 nanometers apart, and shrinks to squeeze the chloroplast. This is when chloroplast constriction begins.\nIn a few species like Cyanidioschyzon merolæ, chloroplasts have a third plastid-dividing ring located in the chloroplast's intermembrane space.\nQuestion: How many PD rings are there? Answer:", "ideal_response": "two"}
+{"id": "56f84d33aef2371900625fb1", "answers": {"text": ["Zwickau prophet", "Preachers", "Zwickau prophet"], "answer_start": [108, 90, 108]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Despite his victory in Wittenberg, Luther was unable to stifle radicalism further afield. Preachers such as Zwickau prophet Nicholas Storch and Thomas Müntzer helped instigate the German Peasants' War of 1524–25, during which many atrocities were committed, often in Luther's name. There had been revolts by the peasantry on a smaller scale since the 15th century. Luther's pamphlets against the Church and the hierarchy, often worded with \"liberal\" phraseology, now led many peasants to believe he would support an attack on the upper classes in general. Revolts broke out in Franconia, Swabia, and Thuringia in 1524, even drawing support from disaffected nobles, many of whom were in debt. Gaining momentum under the leadership of radicals such as Müntzer in Thuringia and Michael Gaismair in Tyrol, the revolts turned into war.\nQuestion: What was Nicholas Storch ? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Zwickau prophet"}
+{"id": "5729582b1d046914007792e7", "answers": {"text": ["the green chloroplast lineage", "the green chloroplast lineage", "green chloroplast lineage"], "answer_start": [432, 432, 436]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: These chloroplasts, which can be traced back directly to a cyanobacterial ancestor, are known as primary plastids (\"plastid\" in this context means almost the same thing as chloroplast). All primary chloroplasts belong to one of three chloroplast lineages—the glaucophyte chloroplast lineage, the rhodophyte, or red algal chloroplast lineage, or the chloroplastidan, or green chloroplast lineage. The second two are the largest, and the green chloroplast lineage is the one that contains the land plants.\nQuestion: Which lineage includes land plants? Answer:", "ideal_response": "the green chloroplast lineage"}
+{"id": "5730035e04bcaa1900d77001", "answers": {"text": ["1928", "1928", "1928"], "answer_start": [104, 104, 104]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Roughly contemporaneous with Maududi was the founding of the Muslim Brotherhood in Ismailiyah, Egypt in 1928 by Hassan al Banna. His was arguably the first, largest and most influential modern Islamic political/religious organization. Under the motto \"the Qur'an is our constitution,\" it sought Islamic revival through preaching and also by providing basic community services including schools, mosques, and workshops. Like Maududi, Al Banna believed in the necessity of government rule based on Shariah law implemented gradually and by persuasion, and of eliminating all imperialist influence in the Muslim world.\nQuestion: When was the Muslim Brotherhood founded? Answer:", "ideal_response": "1928"}
+{"id": "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a", "answers": {"text": ["the Guanabara Confession of Faith", "Guanabara Confession of Faith", "the Guanabara Confession of Faith"], "answer_start": [905, 909, 905]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The first Huguenots to leave France sought freedom from persecution in Switzerland and the Netherlands.[citation needed] A group of Huguenots was part of the French colonisers who arrived in Brazil in 1555 to found France Antarctique. A couple of ships with around 500 people arrived at the Guanabara Bay, present-day Rio de Janeiro, and settled in a small island. A fort, named Fort Coligny, was built to protect them from attack from the Portuguese troops and Brazilian Native Americans. It was an attempt to establish a French colony in South America. The fort was destroyed in 1560 by the Portuguese, who captured part of the Huguenots. The Portuguese threatened the prisoners with death if they did not convert to Catholicism. The Huguenots of Guanabara, as they are now known, produced a declaration of faith to express their beliefs to the Portuguese. This was their death sentence. This document, the Guanabara Confession of Faith, became the first Protestant confession of faith in the whole of the Americas.[citation needed]\nQuestion: By what document did the Huguenots confess their faith to the Portuguese in Brazil? Answer:", "ideal_response": "the Guanabara Confession of Faith"}
+{"id": "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c4", "answers": {"text": ["$32 billion", "$32 billion", "$32 billion"], "answer_start": [170, 170, 170]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Harvard has the largest university endowment in the world. As of September 2011[update], it had nearly regained the loss suffered during the 2008 recession. It was worth $32 billion in 2011, up from $28 billion in September 2010 and $26 billion in 2009. It suffered about 30% loss in 2008-09. In December 2008, Harvard announced that its endowment had lost 22% (approximately $8 billion) from July to October 2008, necessitating budget cuts. Later reports suggest the loss was actually more than double that figure, a reduction of nearly 50% of its endowment in the first four months alone. Forbes in March 2009 estimated the loss to be in the range of $12 billion. One of the most visible results of Harvard's attempt to re-balance its budget was their halting of construction of the $1.2 billion Allston Science Complex that had been scheduled to be completed by 2011, resulting in protests from local residents. As of 2012[update], Harvard University had a total financial aid reserve of $159 million for students, and a Pell Grant reserve of $4.093 million available for disbursement.\nQuestion: What was the Harvard endowment total in 2011? Answer:", "ideal_response": "$32 billion"}
+{"id": "56e1075ae3433e1400422afe", "answers": {"text": ["the Edison Medal.", "the Edison Medal", "the Edison Medal."], "answer_start": [396, 396, 396]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Before World War I, Tesla sought overseas investors. After the war started, Tesla lost the funding he was receiving from his patents in European countries. Eventually, he sold Wardenclyffe for $20,000 ($472,500 in today's dollars). In 1917, around the time that the Wardenclyffe Tower was demolished by Boldt to make the land a more viable real estate asset, Tesla received AIEE's highest honor, the Edison Medal.\nQuestion: What award was given to Tesla? Answer:", "ideal_response": "the Edison Medal."}
+{"id": "5726c3b3708984140094d0d2", "answers": {"text": ["fled", "fled", "fled"], "answer_start": [726, 726, 726]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Shah's army was split by diverse internecine feuds and by the Shah's decision to divide his army into small groups concentrated in various cities. This fragmentation was decisive in Khwarezmia's defeats, as it allowed the Mongols, although exhausted from the long journey, to immediately set about defeating small fractions of the Khwarzemi forces instead of facing a unified defense. The Mongol army quickly seized the town of Otrar, relying on superior strategy and tactics. Genghis Khan ordered the wholesale massacre of many of the civilians, enslaved the rest of the population and executed Inalchuq by pouring molten silver into his ears and eyes, as retribution for his actions. Near the end of the battle the Shah fled rather than surrender. Genghis Khan ordered Subutai and Jebe to hunt him down, giving them 20,000 men and two years to do this. The Shah died under mysterious circumstances on a small island within his empire.\nQuestion: What did the Shah do when faced with defeat by Genghis Khan's forces? Answer:", "ideal_response": "fled"}
+{"id": "572827fc3acd2414000df5bb", "answers": {"text": ["29.7%", "29.7%", "29.7%"], "answer_start": [266, 266, 266]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: As of 2010[update], there were 366,273 households out of which 11.8% were vacant. 23.9% of households had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.8% were married couples, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.4% were non-families. 29.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.21. In the city, the population was spread out with 23.9% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 26.2% from 45 to 64, and 10.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.5 years. For every 100 females there were 94.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.3 males.\nQuestion: What portion of households in Jacksonville have only one person? Answer:", "ideal_response": "29.7%"}
+{"id": "57115e532419e314009555b0", "answers": {"text": ["railway locomotives", "railway locomotives", "railway locomotives"], "answer_start": [164, 164, 164]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The adoption of compounding was common for industrial units, for road engines and almost universal for marine engines after 1880; it was not universally popular in railway locomotives where it was often perceived as complicated. This is partly due to the harsh railway operating environment and limited space afforded by the loading gauge (particularly in Britain, where compounding was never common and not employed after 1930). However, although never in the majority, it was popular in many other countries.\nQuestion: Compounding was not popular in the construction of what machines? Answer:", "ideal_response": "railway locomotives"}
+{"id": "5726778df1498d1400e8e0af", "answers": {"text": ["Architects", "Architects", "Architects"], "answer_start": [494, 494, 494]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Tyneside flat was the dominant housing form constructed at the time when the industrial centres on Tyneside were growing most rapidly. They can still be found in areas such as South Heaton in Newcastle but once dominated the streetscape on both sides of the Tyne. Tyneside flats were built as terraces, one of each pair of doors led to an upstairs flat while the other led into the ground-floor flat, each of two or three rooms. A new development in the Ouseburn valley has recreated them; Architects Cany Ash and Robert Sakula were attracted by the possibilities of high density without building high and getting rid of common areas.\nQuestion: What profession are Cany Ash and Robert Sakula? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Architects"}
+{"id": "5730208fa23a5019007fcded", "answers": {"text": ["quiescent", "quiescent", "quiescent"], "answer_start": [108, 108, 108]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: For some decades prior to the First Palestine Intifada in 1987, the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine took a \"quiescent\" stance towards Israel, focusing on preaching, education and social services, and benefiting from Israel's \"indulgence\" to build up a network of mosques and charitable organizations. As the First Intifada gathered momentum and Palestinian shopkeepers closed their shops in support of the uprising, the Brotherhood announced the formation of HAMAS (\"zeal\"), devoted to Jihad against Israel. Rather than being more moderate than the PLO, the 1988 Hamas charter took a more uncompromising stand, calling for the destruction of Israel and the establishment of an Islamic state in Palestine. It was soon competing with and then overtaking the PLO for control of the intifada. The Brotherhood's base of devout middle class found common cause with the impoverished youth of the intifada in their cultural conservatism and antipathy for activities of the secular middle class such as drinking alcohol and going about without hijab.\nQuestion: Until 1987, what stance did the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine take towards Israel? Answer:", "ideal_response": "quiescent"}
+{"id": "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d8", "answers": {"text": ["writings in volumes", "plan to collect my writings in volumes", "Saturnian hunger,"], "answer_start": [88, 69, 188]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The catechism is one of Luther's most personal works. \"Regarding the plan to collect my writings in volumes,\" he wrote, \"I am quite cool and not at all eager about it because, roused by a Saturnian hunger, I would rather see them all devoured. For I acknowledge none of them to be really a book of mine, except perhaps the Bondage of the Will and the Catechism.\" The Small Catechism has earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching. It remains in use today, along with Luther's hymns and his translation of the Bible.\nQuestion: What effort was Luther not particularly in favor of? Answer:", "ideal_response": "writings in volumes"}
+{"id": "5726a340dd62a815002e8bc0", "answers": {"text": ["Dai Setsen", "Dai Setsen", "Dai Setsen"], "answer_start": [437, 437, 437]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Temüjin had three brothers named Hasar, Hachiun, and Temüge, and one sister named Temülen, as well as two half-brothers named Begter and Belgutei. Like many of the nomads of Mongolia, Temüjin's early life was difficult. His father arranged a marriage for him, and at nine years of age he was delivered by his father to the family of his future wife Börte, who was a member of the tribe Khongirad. Temüjin was to live there in service to Dai Setsen, the head of the new household, until he reached the marriageable age of 12.\nQuestion: Who was the head of the household that Temüjin joined when he was nine years old? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Dai Setsen"}
+{"id": "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc3", "answers": {"text": ["eidetic", "eidetic", "eidetic"], "answer_start": [451, 451, 451]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Tesla was born on 10 July [O.S. 28 June] 1856 into a Serb family in the village of Smiljan, Austrian Empire (modern-day Croatia). His father, Milutin Tesla, was a Serbian Orthodox priest. Tesla's mother, Đuka Tesla (née Mandić), whose father was also an Orthodox priest,:10 had a talent for making home craft tools, mechanical appliances, and the ability to memorize Serbian epic poems. Đuka had never received a formal education. Nikola credited his eidetic memory and creative abilities to his mother's genetics and influence. Tesla's progenitors were from western Serbia, near Montenegro.:12\nQuestion: What was special about Tesla's memory? Answer:", "ideal_response": "eidetic"}
+{"id": "56e1066be3433e1400422ae4", "answers": {"text": ["application of electricity", "application of electricity to the brain", "the application of electricity"], "answer_start": [25, 25, 21]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Tesla theorized that the application of electricity to the brain enhanced intelligence. In 1912, he crafted \"a plan to make dull students bright by saturating them unconsciously with electricity,\" wiring the walls of a schoolroom and, \"saturating [the schoolroom] with infinitesimal electric waves vibrating at high frequency. The whole room will thus, Mr. Tesla claims, be converted into a health-giving and stimulating electromagnetic field or 'bath.'\" The plan was, at least provisionally approved by then superintendent of New York City schools, William H. Maxwell.\nQuestion: What did Tesla think could improve the brain's intelligence? Answer:", "ideal_response": "application of electricity"}
+{"id": "56dfa7887aa994140058dfa9", "answers": {"text": ["left Graz", "left Graz", "left Graz and severed all relations with his family"], "answer_start": [24, 24, 24]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In December 1878, Tesla left Graz and severed all relations with his family to hide the fact that he dropped out of school. His friends thought that he had drowned in the Mur River. Tesla went to Maribor (now in Slovenia), where he worked as a draftsman for 60 florins a month. He spent his spare time playing cards with local men on the streets. In March 1879, Milutin Tesla went to Maribor to beg his son to return home, but Nikola refused. Nikola suffered a nervous breakdown at around the same time.\nQuestion: What did Tesla do in December 1878? Answer:", "ideal_response": "left Graz"}
+{"id": "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b0", "answers": {"text": ["river Aare", "Aare", "river Aare"], "answer_start": [149, 155, 149]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Rhine emerges from Lake Constance, flows generally westward, as the Hochrhein, passes the Rhine Falls, and is joined by its major tributary, the river Aare. The Aare more than doubles the Rhine's water discharge, to an average of nearly 1,000 m3/s (35,000 cu ft/s), and provides more than a fifth of the discharge at the Dutch border. The Aare also contains the waters from the 4,274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin. The Rhine roughly forms the German-Swiss border from Lake Constance with the exceptions of the canton of Schaffhausen and parts of the cantons of Zürich and Basel-Stadt, until it turns north at the so-called Rhine knee at Basel, leaving Switzerland.\nQuestion: What is the major tributary of the Rhine? Answer:", "ideal_response": "river Aare"}
+{"id": "5726dcbddd62a815002e9323", "answers": {"text": ["status superior to all others in health-related fields such as physicians and acupuncturists", "Ranked positions", "status superior to all others in health-related fields"], "answer_start": [553, 298, 553]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In Japan, at the end of the Asuka period (538–710) and the early Nara period (710–794), the men who fulfilled roles similar to those of modern pharmacists were highly respected. The place of pharmacists in society was expressly defined in the Taihō Code (701) and re-stated in the Yōrō Code (718). Ranked positions in the pre-Heian Imperial court were established; and this organizational structure remained largely intact until the Meiji Restoration (1868). In this highly stable hierarchy, the pharmacists—and even pharmacist assistants—were assigned status superior to all others in health-related fields such as physicians and acupuncturists. In the Imperial household, the pharmacist was even ranked above the two personal physicians of the Emperor.\nQuestion: What stature did pharmacists have in the pre-Heian Imperial court? Answer:", "ideal_response": "status superior to all others in health-related fields such as physicians and acupuncturists"}
+{"id": "57267b3c5951b619008f7423", "answers": {"text": ["pressure physical experiments", "fluid inclusion data", "fluid inclusion data"], "answer_start": [80, 26, 26]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Petrologists can also use fluid inclusion data and perform high temperature and pressure physical experiments to understand the temperatures and pressures at which different mineral phases appear, and how they change through igneous and metamorphic processes. This research can be extrapolated to the field to understand metamorphic processes and the conditions of crystallization of igneous rocks. This work can also help to explain processes that occur within the Earth, such as subduction and magma chamber evolution.\nQuestion: How else can petrologists understand the pressures at which different mineral phases appear? Answer:", "ideal_response": "pressure physical experiments"}
+{"id": "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3", "answers": {"text": ["passenger", "extensive, electrified, passenger system", "passenger"], "answer_start": [214, 190, 214]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Rail transport in Victoria is provided by several private and public railway operators who operate over government-owned lines. Major operators include: Metro Trains Melbourne which runs an extensive, electrified, passenger system throughout Melbourne and suburbs; V/Line which is now owned by the Victorian Government, operates a concentrated service to major regional centres, as well as long distance services on other lines; Pacific National, CFCL Australia which operate freight services; Great Southern Rail which operates The Overland Melbourne—Adelaide; and NSW TrainLink which operates XPTs Melbourne—Sydney.\nQuestion: What kind of rail system is Metro Trains Melbourne? Answer:", "ideal_response": "passenger"}
+{"id": "57272ff2708984140094dabf", "answers": {"text": ["Tolui", "Tolui", "Tolui,"], "answer_start": [486, 486, 486]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Genghis Khan was aware of the friction between his sons (particularly between Chagatai and Jochi) and worried of possible conflict between them if he died. He therefore decided to divide his empire among his sons and make all of them Khan in their own right, while appointing one of his sons as his successor. Chagatai was considered unstable due to his temper and rash behavior, because of statements he made that he would not follow Jochi if he were to become his father's successor. Tolui, Genghis Khan's youngest son, was not to be his successor because he was the youngest and in the Mongol culture, youngest sons were not given much responsibility due to their age. If Jochi were to become successor, it was likely that Chagatai would engage in warfare with him and collapse the empire. Therefore, Genghis Khan decided to give the throne to Ögedei. Ögedei was seen by Genghis Khan as dependable in character and relatively stable and down to earth and would be a neutral candidate and might defuse the situation between his brothers.\nQuestion: Which's of Genghis Khan's successors could not be successor because of his age? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Tolui"}
+{"id": "5727f678ff5b5019007d9956", "answers": {"text": ["relaunch the show", "relaunch the show", "relaunch the show"], "answer_start": [97, 97, 97]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: While in-house production had ceased, the BBC hoped to find an independent production company to relaunch the show. Philip Segal, a British expatriate who worked for Columbia Pictures' television arm in the United States, had approached the BBC about such a venture as early as July 1989, while the 26th series was still in production. Segal's negotiations eventually led to a Doctor Who television film, broadcast on the Fox Network in 1996 as a co-production between Fox, Universal Pictures, the BBC and BBC Worldwide. Although the film was successful in the UK (with 9.1 million viewers), it was less so in the United States and did not lead to a series.\nQuestion: What was the BBC hoping that an independent production firm would do for Doctor Who? Answer:", "ideal_response": "relaunch the show"}
+{"id": "56e76de800c9c71400d77125", "answers": {"text": ["universities and/or TAFE colleges", "universities and/or TAFE colleges", "universities and/or TAFE colleges"], "answer_start": [301, 301, 301]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Education in Australia is primarily the responsibility of the individual states and territories. Generally, education in Australia follows the three-tier model which includes primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (secondary schools/high schools) and tertiary education (universities and/or TAFE colleges).\nQuestion: What is tertiary education? Answer:", "ideal_response": "universities and/or TAFE colleges"}
+{"id": "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc8", "answers": {"text": ["Budapest Telephone Exchange", "the Budapest Telephone Exchange", "Budapest Telephone Exchange"], "answer_start": [304, 85, 89]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In 1881, Tesla moved to Budapest to work under Ferenc Puskás at a telegraph company, the Budapest Telephone Exchange. Upon arrival, Tesla realized that the company, then under construction, was not functional, so he worked as a draftsman in the Central Telegraph Office instead. Within a few months, the Budapest Telephone Exchange became functional and Tesla was allocated the chief electrician position. During his employment, Tesla made many improvements to the Central Station equipment and claimed to have perfected a telephone repeater or amplifier, which was never patented nor publicly described.\nQuestion: Which company did Tesla work for in 1881? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Budapest Telephone Exchange"}
+{"id": "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e7", "answers": {"text": ["1909", "1909", "1909"], "answer_start": [742, 742, 742]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Well represented in the collection is Meissen porcelain, from the first factory in Europe to discover the Chinese method of making porcelain. Among the finest examples are the Meissen Vulture from 1731 and the Möllendorff Dinner Service, designed in 1762 by Frederick II the Great. Ceramics from the Manufacture nationale de Sèvres are extensive, especially from the 18th and 19th centuries. The collection of 18th-century British porcelain is the largest and finest in the world. Examples from every factory are represented, the collections of Chelsea porcelain and Worcester Porcelain being especially fine. All the major 19th-century British factories are also represented. A major boost to the collections was the Salting Bequest made in 1909, which enriched the museum's stock of Chinese and Japanese ceramics. This bequest forms part of the finest collection of East Asian pottery and porcelain in the world, including Kakiemon ware.\nQuestion: In which year was the Salting Bequest made? Answer:", "ideal_response": "1909"}
+{"id": "5730eb5b497a881900248a42", "answers": {"text": ["34,000", "34,000 congregations", "34,000"], "answer_start": [381, 381, 381]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Like many other mainline Protestant denominations in the United States, the United Methodist Church has experienced significant membership losses in recent decades. At the time of its formation, the UMC had about 11 million members in nearly 42,000 congregations. In 1975, membership dropped below 10 million for the first time. In 2005, there were about 8 million members in over 34,000 congregations. Membership is concentrated primarily in the Midwest and in the South. Texas has the largest number of members, with about 1 million. The states with the highest membership rates are Oklahoma, Iowa, Mississippi, West Virginia, and North Carolina.\nQuestion: In 2005, approximately how many congregations were in the UMC? Answer:", "ideal_response": "34,000"}
+{"id": "57286ec63acd2414000df9d5", "answers": {"text": ["Clair Cameron Patterson", "Clair Cameron Patterson", "Clair Cameron Patterson"], "answer_start": [646, 646, 646]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In science, alumni include astronomers Carl Sagan, a prominent contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life, and Edwin Hubble, known for \"Hubble's Law\", NASA astronaut John M. Grunsfeld, geneticist James Watson, best known as one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA, experimental physicist Luis Alvarez, popular environmentalist David Suzuki, balloonist Jeannette Piccard, biologists Ernest Everett Just and Lynn Margulis, computer scientist Richard Hamming, the creator of the Hamming Code, lithium-ion battery developer John B. Goodenough, mathematician and Fields Medal recipient Paul Joseph Cohen, and geochemist Clair Cameron Patterson, who developed the uranium-lead dating method into lead-lead dating. Nuclear physicist and researcher Stanton Friedman, who worked on some early projects involving nuclear-powered spacecraft propulsion systems, is also a graduate (M.Sc).\nQuestion: What geochemist developed the uranium-lead dating method into lead-lead dating? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Clair Cameron Patterson"}
+{"id": "57115dbe2419e314009555a9", "answers": {"text": ["hold a set speed", "hold a set speed", "hold a set speed"], "answer_start": [200, 200, 200]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The centrifugal governor was adopted by James Watt for use on a steam engine in 1788 after Watt’s partner Boulton saw one at a flour mill Boulton & Watt were building. The governor could not actually hold a set speed, because it would assume a new constant speed in response to load changes. The governor was able to handle smaller variations such as those caused by fluctuating heat load to the boiler. Also, there was a tendency for oscillation whenever there was a speed change. As a consequence, engines equipped only with this governor were not suitable for operations requiring constant speed, such as cotton spinning. The governor was improved over time and coupled with variable steam cut off, good speed control in response to changes in load was attainable near the end of the 19th century.\nQuestion: What was the centrifugal governor incapable of doing? Answer:", "ideal_response": "hold a set speed"}
+{"id": "57108073b654c5140001f929", "answers": {"text": ["Louis XIII", "Louis XIII", "Louis XIII"], "answer_start": [444, 444, 444]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: By 1620 the Huguenots were on the defensive, and the government increasingly applied pressure. A series of three small civil wars known as the Huguenot rebellions broke out, mainly in southwestern France, between 1621 and 1629. revolted against royal authority. The uprising occurred a decade following the death of Henry IV, a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism, who had protected Protestants through the Edict of Nantes. His successor Louis XIII, under the regency of his Italian Catholic mother Marie de' Medici, became more intolerant of Protestantism. The Huguenots respond by establishing independent political and military structures, establishing diplomatic contacts with foreign powers, and openly revolting against central power. The rebellions were implacably suppressed by the French Crown.[citation needed]\nQuestion: Which successor to Henry resumed persecution of the Huguenots? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Louis XIII"}
+{"id": "572820512ca10214002d9e72", "answers": {"text": ["874.3 square miles", "874.3 square miles", "874.3 square miles"], "answer_start": [75, 75, 75]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 874.3 square miles (2,264 km2), making Jacksonville the largest city in land area in the contiguous United States; of this, 86.66% (757.7 sq mi or 1,962 km2) is land and ; 13.34% (116.7 sq mi or 302 km2) is water. Jacksonville surrounds the town of Baldwin. Nassau County lies to the north, Baker County lies to the west, and Clay and St. Johns County lie to the south; the Atlantic Ocean lies to the east, along with the Jacksonville Beaches. The St. Johns River divides the city. The Trout River, a major tributary of the St. Johns River, is located entirely within Jacksonville.\nQuestion: What is the land area of Jacksonville? Answer:", "ideal_response": "874.3 square miles"}
+{"id": "5726559edd62a815002e81c8", "answers": {"text": ["propose a range of preincident population figures from as high as 7 million to as low as 4 million", "propose a range of preincident population figures from as high as 7 million to as low as 4 million", "propose a range of preincident population figures"], "answer_start": [57, 57, 57]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In England, in the absence of census figures, historians propose a range of preincident population figures from as high as 7 million to as low as 4 million in 1300, and a postincident population figure as low as 2 million. By the end of 1350, the Black Death subsided, but it never really died out in England. Over the next few hundred years, further outbreaks occurred in 1361–62, 1369, 1379–83, 1389–93, and throughout the first half of the 15th century. An outbreak in 1471 took as much as 10–15% of the population, while the death rate of the plague of 1479–80 could have been as high as 20%. The most general outbreaks in Tudor and Stuart England seem to have begun in 1498, 1535, 1543, 1563, 1589, 1603, 1625, and 1636, and ended with the Great Plague of London in 1665.\nQuestion: What did historians do in the absence of census figures? Answer:", "ideal_response": "propose a range of preincident population figures from as high as 7 million to as low as 4 million"}
+{"id": "572924b53f37b31900478068", "answers": {"text": ["clinical officers, medical officers and medical practitioners", "clinical officers, medical officers and medical practitioners", "clinical officers, medical officers and medical practitioners"], "answer_start": [167, 167, 167]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Nurses treat 80% of the population who visit dispensaries, health centres and private clinics in rural and under-served urban areas. Complicated cases are referred to clinical officers, medical officers and medical practitioners. According to the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, in 2011 there were 65,000 qualified nurses registered in the country; 8,600 clinical officers and 7,000 doctors for the population of 43 million people (These figures from official registers include those who have died or left the profession hence the actual number of these workers may be lower).\nQuestion: Who sees a patient after a nurse can not help anymore? Answer:", "ideal_response": "clinical officers, medical officers and medical practitioners"}
+{"id": "57296eee6aef051400154e8f", "answers": {"text": ["spherical bubbles", "spherical", "spherical"], "answer_start": [81, 81, 81]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Plastoglobuli (singular plastoglobulus, sometimes spelled plastoglobule(s)), are spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins about 45–60 nanometers across. They are surrounded by a lipid monolayer. Plastoglobuli are found in all chloroplasts, but become more common when the chloroplast is under oxidative stress, or when it ages and transitions into a gerontoplast. Plastoglobuli also exhibit a greater size variation under these conditions. They are also common in etioplasts, but decrease in number as the etioplasts mature into chloroplasts.\nQuestion: What shape are Plastoglobuli? Answer:", "ideal_response": "spherical bubbles"}
+{"id": "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef2", "answers": {"text": ["Vosges Mountains", "Vosges Mountains", "Vosges Mountains,"], "answer_start": [135, 135, 135]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Through stream capture, the Rhine extended its watershed southward. By the Pliocene period, the Rhine had captured streams down to the Vosges Mountains, including the Mosel, the Main and the Neckar. The northern Alps were then drained by the Rhone. By the early Pleistocene period, the Rhine had captured most of its current Alpine watershed from the Rhône, including the Aar. Since that time, the Rhine has added the watershed above Lake Constance (Vorderrhein, Hinterrhein, Alpenrhein; captured from the Rhône), the upper reaches of the Main, beyond Schweinfurt and the Vosges Mountains, captured from the Meuse, to its watershed.\nQuestion: Where are the streams the Rhine captured? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Vosges Mountains"}
+{"id": "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf9", "answers": {"text": ["Telenet was incorporated in 1973 and started operations in 1975. It went public in 1979 and was then sold to GTE", "GTE", "GTE"], "answer_start": [560, 669, 669]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Telenet was the first FCC-licensed public data network in the United States. It was founded by former ARPA IPTO director Larry Roberts as a means of making ARPANET technology public. He had tried to interest AT&T in buying the technology, but the monopoly's reaction was that this was incompatible with their future. Bolt, Beranack and Newman (BBN) provided the financing. It initially used ARPANET technology but changed the host interface to X.25 and the terminal interface to X.29. Telenet designed these protocols and helped standardize them in the CCITT. Telenet was incorporated in 1973 and started operations in 1975. It went public in 1979 and was then sold to GTE.\nQuestion: Telnet was sold to  Answer:", "ideal_response": "Telenet was incorporated in 1973 and started operations in 1975. It went public in 1979 and was then sold to GTE"}
+{"id": "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a0", "answers": {"text": ["St Thomas Becket", "St Thomas Becket,", "St Thomas Becket"], "answer_start": [338, 338, 338]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: One of the rarest items in the collection is the 58 cm high Gloucester Candlestick, dated to c1110, made from gilt bronze; with highly elaborate and intricate intertwining branches containing small figures and inscriptions, it is a tour de force of bronze casting. Also of importance is the Becket Casket dated c1180 to contain relics of St Thomas Becket, made from gilt copper, with enamelled scenes of the saint's martyrdom. Another highlight is the 1351 Reichenau Crozier. The Burghley Nef, a salt-cellar, French, dated 1527–28, uses a nautilus shell to form the hull of a vessel, which rests on the tail of a parcelgilt mermaid, who rests on a hexagonal gilt plinth on six claw-and-ball feet. Both masts have main and top-sails, and battlemented fighting-tops are made from gold. These items are displayed in the new Medieval & Renaissance galleries.\nQuestion: Whose relics reside in the Becket Casket? Answer:", "ideal_response": "St Thomas Becket"}
+{"id": "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a35", "answers": {"text": ["Terry Nation", "Terry Nation", "Terry Nation"], "answer_start": [964, 964, 964]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Doctor Who first appeared on BBC TV at 17:16:20 GMT, eighty seconds after the scheduled programme time, 5:15 pm, on Saturday, 23 November 1963. It was to be a regular weekly programme, each episode 25 minutes of transmission length. Discussions and plans for the programme had been in progress for a year. The head of drama, Canadian Sydney Newman, was mainly responsible for developing the programme, with the first format document for the series being written by Newman along with the head of the script department (later head of serials) Donald Wilson and staff writer C. E. Webber. Writer Anthony Coburn, story editor David Whitaker and initial producer Verity Lambert also heavily contributed to the development of the series.[note 1] The programme was originally intended to appeal to a family audience, as an educational programme using time travel as a means to explore scientific ideas and famous moments in history. On 31 July 1963 Whitaker commissioned Terry Nation to write a story under the title The Mutants. As originally written, the Daleks and Thals were the victims of an alien neutron bomb attack but Nation later dropped the aliens and made the Daleks the aggressors. When the script was presented to Newman and Wilson it was immediately rejected as the programme was not permitted to contain any \"bug-eyed monsters\". The first serial had been completed and the BBC believed it was crucial that the next one be a success, but The Mutants was the only script ready to go, so the show had little choice but to use it. According to producer Verity Lambert; \"We didn't have a lot of choice — we only had the Dalek serial to go ... We had a bit of a crisis of confidence because Donald [Wilson] was so adamant that we shouldn't make it. Had we had anything else ready we would have made that.\" Nation's script became the second Doctor Who serial – The Daleks (a.k.a. The Mutants). The serial introduced the eponymous aliens that would become the series' most popular monsters, and was responsible for the BBC's first merchandising boom.\nQuestion: Who wrote The Mutants? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Terry Nation"}
+{"id": "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b1", "answers": {"text": ["Tesla Coil", "the Tesla Coil", "Tesla Coil"], "answer_start": [301, 297, 301]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In March 1896, after hearing of Wilhelm Röntgen's discovery of X-ray and X-ray imaging (radiography), Tesla proceeded to do his own experiments in X-ray imaging, developing a high energy single terminal vacuum tube of his own design that had no target electrode and that worked from the output of the Tesla Coil (the modern term for the phenomenon produced by this device is bremsstrahlung or braking radiation). In his research, Tesla devised several experimental setups to produce X-rays. Tesla held that, with his circuits, the \"instrument will ... enable one to generate Roentgen rays of much greater power than obtainable with ordinary apparatus.\"\nQuestion: What did Tesla's device work from the output of? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Tesla Coil"}
+{"id": "56be572b3aeaaa14008c9052", "answers": {"text": ["John Fox", "John Fox", "Fox"], "answer_start": [636, 636, 641]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: For the third straight season, the number one seeds from both conferences met in the Super Bowl. The Carolina Panthers became one of only ten teams to have completed a regular season with only one loss, and one of only six teams to have acquired a 15–1 record, while the Denver Broncos became one of four teams to have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl. The Broncos made their second Super Bowl appearance in three years, having reached Super Bowl XLVIII, while the Panthers made their second Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox in their last Super Bowl appearance prior to Super Bowl 50.\nQuestion: Who coached each Super Bowl 50 participant in their most recent Super Bowl appearance prior to Super Bowl 50? Answer:", "ideal_response": "John Fox"}
+{"id": "56f811bdaef2371900625d9f", "answers": {"text": ["Pope Leo X", "Pope Leo X", "Leo X"], "answer_start": [0, 0, 5]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Pope Leo X was used to reformers and heretics, and he responded slowly, \"with great care as is proper.\" Over the next three years he deployed a series of papal theologians and envoys against Luther, which served only to harden the reformer's anti-papal theology. First, the Dominican theologian Sylvester Mazzolini drafted a heresy case against Luther, whom Leo then summoned to Rome. The Elector Frederick persuaded the pope to have Luther examined at Augsburg, where the Imperial Diet was held. There, in October 1518, under questioning by papal legate Cardinal Cajetan Luther stated that he did not consider the papacy part of the biblical Church because historistical interpretation of Bible prophecy concluded that the papacy was the Antichrist. The prophecies concerning the Antichrist soon became the center of controversy. The hearings degenerated into a shouting match. More than his writing the 95 Theses, Luther's confrontation with the church cast him as an enemy of the pope. Cajetan's original instructions had been to arrest Luther if he failed to recant, but the legate desisted from doing so. Luther slipped out of the city at night, unbeknownst to Cajetan.\nQuestion: Which Pope sought to undermine Luther's theories? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Pope Leo X"}
+{"id": "572facb0a23a5019007fc867", "answers": {"text": ["directly elected Scottish Assembly", "directly elected Scottish Assembly", "a directly elected Scottish Assembly"], "answer_start": [923, 923, 921]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: For the next three hundred years, Scotland was directly governed by the Parliament of Great Britain and the subsequent Parliament of the United Kingdom, both seated at Westminster, and the lack of a Parliament of Scotland remained an important element in Scottish national identity. Suggestions for a 'devolved' Parliament were made before 1914, but were shelved due to the outbreak of the First World War. A sharp rise in nationalism in Scotland during the late 1960s fuelled demands for some form of home rule or complete independence, and in 1969 prompted the incumbent Labour government of Harold Wilson to set up the Kilbrandon Commission to consider the British constitution. One of the principal objectives of the commission was to examine ways of enabling more self-government for Scotland, within the unitary state of the United Kingdom. Kilbrandon published his report in 1973 recommending the establishment of a directly elected Scottish Assembly to legislate for the majority of domestic Scottish affairs.\nQuestion: What did Kllbrandon's report in 1973 recommend establishing? Answer:", "ideal_response": "directly elected Scottish Assembly"}
+{"id": "57290e153f37b31900477fdc", "answers": {"text": ["Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation process", "Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation", "Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation process"], "answer_start": [452, 452, 452]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Since the election riots, the government and civil society organisations started programmes to avoid similar disasters in the future, said Agnes R. M. Aboum – executive director of TAABCO Research and Development Consultants in Nairobi – in the magazine D+C Development and Cooperation. For example, the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission initiated community dialogues, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya started peace meetings and the Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation process was started.\nQuestion: What was started after these new programs were in place? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation process"}
+{"id": "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed8", "answers": {"text": ["SyFy", "SyFy", "SyFy"], "answer_start": [745, 745, 745]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In Australia, the show has had a strong fan base since its inception, having been exclusively first run by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) since January 1965. The ABC has periodically repeated episodes; of note were the weekly screenings of all available classic episodes starting in 2003, for the show's 40th anniversary, and the weekdaily screenings of all available revived episodes in 2013 for the show's 50th anniversary. The ABC broadcasts the modern series first run on ABC1, with repeats on ABC2. The ABC also provided partial funding for the 20th anniversary special The Five Doctors in 1983. Repeats of both the classic and modern series have also been shown on subscription television channels BBC UKTV, SF and later on SyFy upon SF's closure.[citation needed]\nQuestion: Which station started showing Doctor Who after the SF channel closed? Answer:", "ideal_response": "SyFy"}
+{"id": "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac1", "answers": {"text": ["Judicial Council", "The Judicial Council", "The Judicial Council"], "answer_start": [4, 0, 0]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Judicial Council is the highest court in the denomination. It consists of nine members, both laity and clergy, elected by the General Conference for an eight-year term. The ratio of laity to clergy alternates every eight years. The Judicial Council interprets the Book of Discipline between sessions of General Conference, and during General Conference, the Judicial Council rules on the constitutionality of laws passed by General Conference. The Council also determines whether actions of local churches, annual conferences, church agencies, and bishops are in accordance with church law. The Council reviews all decisions of law made by bishops The Judicial Council cannot create any legislation; it can only interpret existing legislation. The Council meets twice a year at various locations throughout the world. The Judicial Council also hears appeals from those who have been accused of chargeable offenses that can result in defrocking or revocation of membership.\nQuestion: What is the highest court in the United Methodist denomination? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Judicial Council"}
+{"id": "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f", "answers": {"text": ["multi-stage centrifugal", "multi-stage centrifugal", "multi-stage centrifugal pumps"], "answer_start": [190, 190, 190]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Rankine cycle and most practical steam engines have a water pump to recycle or top up the boiler water, so that they may be run continuously. Utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal pumps; however, other types are used. Another means of supplying lower-pressure boiler feed water is an injector, which uses a steam jet usually supplied from the boiler. Injectors became popular in the 1850s but are no longer widely used, except in applications such as steam locomotives.\nQuestion: What types of pumps are typically used in industrial boilers? Answer:", "ideal_response": "multi-stage centrifugal"}
+{"id": "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf3", "answers": {"text": ["Khagan", "Khagan", "Khagan"], "answer_start": [404, 404, 404]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: As a result, by 1206 Temüjin had managed to unite or subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, Uyghurs, and other disparate smaller tribes under his rule. It was a monumental feat for the \"Mongols\" (as they became known collectively). At a Khuruldai, a council of Mongol chiefs, Temüjin was acknowledged as \"Khan\" of the consolidated tribes and took the new title \"Genghis Khan\". The title Khagan was not conferred on Genghis until after his death, when his son and successor, Ögedei, took the title for himself and extended it posthumously to his father (as he was also to be posthumously declared the founder of the Yuan dynasty). This unification of all confederations by Genghis Khan established peace between previously warring tribes and a single political and military force under Genghis Khan.\nQuestion: What title was given to Genghis Khan posthumously? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Khagan"}
+{"id": "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e7", "answers": {"text": ["Ed Mangan", "Ed Mangan", "Mangan"], "answer_start": [625, 625, 628]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Concerns were raised over whether Levi's Stadium's field was of a high enough quality to host a Super Bowl; during the inaugural season, the field had to be re-sodded multiple times due to various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker, causing him to slip and miss a field goal, although the field has not had any major issues since. As is customary for Super Bowl games played at natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodded the field with a new playing surface; a hybrid Bermuda 419 turf. NFL and Atlanta Braves field director Ed Mangan stated that the field was in \"great shape\" for gameday. However, the turf showed problem throughout the game, with a number of players needing to change their cleats during the game and player slipping during plays all throughout the game.\nQuestion: Who is the field director of the NFL? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Ed Mangan"}
+{"id": "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e76", "answers": {"text": ["citizenship", "\"citizenship\"", "\"citizenship\""], "answer_start": [401, 400, 400]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Since its foundation, the Treaties sought to enable people to pursue their life goals in any country through free movement. Reflecting the economic nature of the project, the European Community originally focused upon free movement of workers: as a \"factor of production\". However, from the 1970s, this focus shifted towards developing a more \"social\" Europe. Free movement was increasingly based on \"citizenship\", so that people had rights to empower them to become economically and socially active, rather than economic activity being a precondition for rights. This means the basic \"worker\" rights in TFEU article 45 function as a specific expression of the general rights of citizens in TFEU articles 18 to 21. According to the Court of Justice, a \"worker\" is anybody who is economically active, which includes everyone in an employment relationship, \"under the direction of another person\" for \"remuneration\". A job, however, need not be paid in money for someone to be protected as a worker. For example, in Steymann v Staatssecretaris van Justitie, a German man claimed the right to residence in the Netherlands, while he volunteered plumbing and household duties in the Bhagwan community, which provided for everyone's material needs irrespective of their contributions. The Court of Justice held that Mr Steymann was entitled to stay, so long as there was at least an \"indirect quid pro quo\" for the work he did. Having \"worker\" status means protection against all forms of discrimination by governments, and employers, in access to employment, tax, and social security rights. By contrast a citizen, who is \"any person having the nationality of a Member State\" (TFEU article 20(1)), has rights to seek work, vote in local and European elections, but more restricted rights to claim social security. In practice, free movement has become politically contentious as nationalist political parties have manipulated fears about immigrants taking away people's jobs and benefits (paradoxically at the same time). Nevertheless, practically \"all available research finds little impact\" of \"labour mobility on wages and employment of local workers\".\nQuestion: What was free movement increasingly based on? Answer:", "ideal_response": "citizenship"}
+{"id": "572fd73e947a6a140053cd33", "answers": {"text": ["MSPs", "leaders of the opposition parties and other MSPs", "MSPs"], "answer_start": [173, 437, 173]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Several procedures enable the Scottish Parliament to scrutinise the Government. The First Minister or members of the cabinet can deliver statements to Parliament upon which MSPs are invited to question. For example, at the beginning of each parliamentary year, the First Minister delivers a statement to the chamber setting out the Government's legislative programme for the forthcoming year. After the statement has been delivered, the leaders of the opposition parties and other MSPs question the First Minister on issues related to the substance of the statement.\nQuestion: Who can question statements the First Minister or members of the cabinet make? Answer:", "ideal_response": "MSPs"}
+{"id": "571155ae2419e31400955591", "answers": {"text": ["Rankine cycle", "The Rankine cycle", "The Rankine cycle"], "answer_start": [4, 0, 0]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Rankine cycle is the fundamental thermodynamic underpinning of the steam engine. The cycle is an arrangement of components as is typically used for simple power production, and utilizes the phase change of water (boiling water producing steam, condensing exhaust steam, producing liquid water)) to provide a practical heat/power conversion system. The heat is supplied externally to a closed loop with some of the heat added being converted to work and the waste heat being removed in a condenser. The Rankine cycle is used in virtually all steam power production applications. In the 1990s, Rankine steam cycles generated about 90% of all electric power used throughout the world, including virtually all solar, biomass, coal and nuclear power plants. It is named after William John Macquorn Rankine, a Scottish polymath.\nQuestion: What is the steam engine's thermodynamic basis? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Rankine cycle"}
+{"id": "572689385951b619008f761d", "answers": {"text": ["Victoria", "Victoria", "Queen Victoria"], "answer_start": [298, 298, 292]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In 2014, work was completed on the stations historic entrance. Glazing was placed over the historic arches and the Victorian architecture was enhanced; transforming the 19th century public portico. The station is one of only six Grade One listed railway stations in the UK. Opened in 1850 by Queen Victoria, it was the first covered railway station in the world and was much copied across the UK. It has a neoclassical façade, originally designed by the architect John Dobson, and was constructed in collaboration with Robert Stephenson. The station sightlines towards the Castle Keep, whilst showcasing the curvature of the station’s arched roof. The first services were operated by the North Eastern Railway company. The city's other mainline station, Manors, is to the east of the city centre.\nQuestion: What Queen opened the first covered railway station in the world? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Victoria"}
+{"id": "56e763e800c9c71400d77089", "answers": {"text": ["Teacher enthusiasm", "excitement", "Teacher enthusiasm"], "answer_start": [111, 233, 111]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: There are various mechanisms by which teacher enthusiasm may facilitate higher levels of intrinsic motivation. Teacher enthusiasm may contribute to a classroom atmosphere full of energy and enthusiasm which feed student interest and excitement in learning the subject matter. Enthusiastic teachers may also lead to students becoming more self-determined in their own learning process. The concept of mere exposure indicates that the teacher's enthusiasm may contribute to the student's expectations about intrinsic motivation in the context of learning. Also, enthusiasm may act as a \"motivational embellishment\"; increasing a student's interest by the variety, novelty, and surprise of the enthusiastic teacher's presentation of the material. Finally, the concept of emotional contagion, may also apply. Students may become more intrinsically motivated by catching onto the enthusiasm and energy of the teacher.[citation needed]\nQuestion: What might cause a higher student interest in learning the presented subject? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Teacher enthusiasm"}
+{"id": "57106185b654c5140001f8df", "answers": {"text": ["1560", "1560", "1560"], "answer_start": [1023, 1023, 1023]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: A term used originally in derision, Huguenot has unclear origins. Various hypotheses have been promoted. The nickname may have been a combined reference to the Swiss politician Besançon Hugues (died 1532) and the religiously conflicted nature of Swiss republicanism in his time, using a clever derogatory pun on the name Hugues by way of the Dutch word Huisgenoten (literally housemates), referring to the connotations of a somewhat related word in German Eidgenosse (Confederates as in \"a citizen of one of the states of the Swiss Confederacy\"). Geneva was John Calvin's adopted home and the centre of the Calvinist movement. In Geneva, Hugues, though Catholic, was a leader of the \"Confederate Party\", so called because it favoured independence from the Duke of Savoy through an alliance between the city-state of Geneva and the Swiss Confederation. The label Huguenot was purportedly first applied in France to those conspirators (all of them aristocratic members of the Reformed Church) involved in the Amboise plot of 1560: a foiled attempt to wrest power in France from the influential House of Guise. The move would have had the side effect of fostering relations with the Swiss. Thus, Hugues plus Eidgenosse by way of Huisgenoten supposedly became Huguenot, a nickname associating the Protestant cause with politics unpopular in France.[citation needed]\nQuestion: When did this attempt take place? Answer:", "ideal_response": "1560"}
+{"id": "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fc", "answers": {"text": ["1930", "1930", "1930"], "answer_start": [496, 496, 496]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Iqbal expressed fears that not only would secularism and secular nationalism weaken the spiritual foundations of Islam and Muslim society, but that India's Hindu-majority population would crowd out Muslim heritage, culture and political influence. In his travels to Egypt, Afghanistan, Palestine and Syria, he promoted ideas of greater Islamic political co-operation and unity, calling for the shedding of nationalist differences. Sir Muhammad Iqbal was elected president of the Muslim League in 1930 at its session in Allahabad as well as for the session in Lahore in 1932. In his Allahabad Address on 29 December 1930, Iqbal outlined a vision of an independent state for Muslim-majority provinces in northwestern India. This address later inspired the Pakistan movement.\nQuestion: When was Iqbal elected president of the Muslim League? Answer:", "ideal_response": "1930"}
+{"id": "5726e834dd62a815002e94a4", "answers": {"text": ["1580", "1580", "1580"], "answer_start": [49, 49, 49]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: There are a set of beautiful inlaid doors, dated 1580 from Antwerp City Hall, attributed to Hans Vredeman de Vries. One of the finest pieces of continental furniture in the collection is the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet dated c1750 from Germany, with especially fine marquetry and ormolu mounts. One of the grandest pieces of 19th-century furniture is the highly elaborate French Cabinet dated 1861–1867 made by M. Fourdinois, made from ebony inlaid with box, lime, holly, pear, walnut and mahogany woods as well as marble with gilded carvings. Furniture designed by Ernest Gimson, Edward William Godwin, Charles Voysey, Adolf Loos and Otto Wagner are among the late 19th-century and early 20th-century examples in the collection. The work of modernists in the collection include Le Corbusier, Marcel Breuer, Charles and Ray Eames, and Giò Ponti.\nQuestion: To which year has the Antwerp City Hall doors in the V&A collection been dated? Answer:", "ideal_response": "1580"}
+{"id": "56dfa3c338dc421700152155", "answers": {"text": ["Austrian Polytechnic", "Austrian Polytechnic", "Austrian Polytechnic"], "answer_start": [27, 27, 27]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In 1875, Tesla enrolled at Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria, on a Military Frontier scholarship. During his first year, Tesla never missed a lecture, earned the highest grades possible, passed nine exams (nearly twice as many required), started a Serbian culture club, and even received a letter of commendation from the dean of the technical faculty to his father, which stated, \"Your son is a star of first rank.\" Tesla claimed that he worked from 3 a.m. to 11 p.m., no Sundays or holidays excepted. He was \"mortified when [his] father made light of [those] hard won honors.\" After his father's death in 1879, Tesla found a package of letters from his professors to his father, warning that unless he were removed from the school, Tesla would be killed through overwork. During his second year, Tesla came into conflict with Professor Poeschl over the Gramme dynamo, when Tesla suggested that commutators weren't necessary. At the end of his second year, Tesla lost his scholarship and became addicted to gambling. During his third year, Tesla gambled away his allowance and his tuition money, later gambling back his initial losses and returning the balance to his family. Tesla said that he \"conquered [his] passion then and there,\" but later he was known to play billiards in the US. When exam time came, Tesla was unprepared and asked for an extension to study, but was denied. He never graduated from the university and did not receive grades for the last semester.\nQuestion: What school did he enroll in during 1875? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Austrian Polytechnic"}
+{"id": "572629c6271a42140099d6a5", "answers": {"text": ["proposed to build a nationwide network in the UK", "a nationwide network", "nationwide network"], "answer_start": [229, 247, 249]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Starting in 1965, Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory, UK, independently developed the same message routing methodology as developed by Baran. He called it packet switching, a more accessible name than Baran's, and proposed to build a nationwide network in the UK. He gave a talk on the proposal in 1966, after which a person from the Ministry of Defence (MoD) told him about Baran's work. A member of Davies' team (Roger Scantlebury) met Lawrence Roberts at the 1967 ACM Symposium on Operating System Principles and suggested it for use in the ARPANET.\nQuestion: What did Davies want to build  Answer:", "ideal_response": "proposed to build a nationwide network in the UK"}
+{"id": "572881d34b864d1900164a5a", "answers": {"text": ["Muslim medicine", "Muslim medicine", "Muslim medicine"], "answer_start": [136, 136, 136]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Western medicine was also practiced in China by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court, where it was sometimes labeled as huihui or Muslim medicine. The Nestorian physician Jesus the Interpreter founded the Office of Western Medicine in 1263 during the reign of Kublai. Huihui doctors staffed at two imperial hospitals were responsible for treating the imperial family and members of the court. Chinese physicians opposed Western medicine because its humoral system contradicted the yin-yang and wuxing philosophy underlying traditional Chinese medicine. No Chinese translation of Western medical works is known, but it is possible that the Chinese had access to Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine.\nQuestion: What was huihui? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Muslim medicine"}
+{"id": "57273dccdd62a815002e99fa", "answers": {"text": ["Sea of Japan", "Sea of Japan", "Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan"], "answer_start": [191, 191, 172]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Contrary to popular belief, Genghis Khan did not conquer all the areas ultimately part of the Mongol Empire. At the time of his death, the Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227. Under Genghis's successor Ögedei Khan the speed of expansion reached its peak. Mongol armies pushed into Persia, finished off the Western Xia and the remnants of the Khwarezmids, and came into conflict with the imperial Song dynasty of China, starting a war that lasted until 1279 and that concluded with the Mongols gaining control of all of China. They also pushed further into Russia and eastern Europe.\nQuestion: What sea bordered Genghis Khan's empire to the east when he died? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Sea of Japan"}
+{"id": "572833662ca10214002da086", "answers": {"text": ["The Neutral Zone", "The Neutral Zone", "The Neutral Zone"], "answer_start": [140, 140, 140]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: There have also been many references to Doctor Who in popular culture and other science fiction, including Star Trek: The Next Generation (\"The Neutral Zone\") and Leverage. In the Channel 4 series Queer as Folk (created by later Doctor Who executive producer Russell T. Davies), the character of Vince was portrayed as an avid Doctor Who fan, with references appearing many times throughout in the form of clips from the programme. In a similar manner, the character of Oliver on Coupling (created and written by current show runner Steven Moffat) is portrayed as a Doctor Who collector and enthusiast. References to Doctor Who have also appeared in the young adult fantasy novels Brisingr and High Wizardry, the video game Rock Band, the soap opera EastEnders, the Adult Swim comedy show Robot Chicken, the Family Guy episodes \"Blue Harvest\" and \"420\", and the game RuneScape. It has also be referenced in Destroy All Humans! 2, by civilians in the game's variation of England, and in Apollo Justice: Ace Attorney.\nQuestion: What Star Trek episode has a nod to Doctor Who? Answer:", "ideal_response": "The Neutral Zone"}
+{"id": "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9531", "answers": {"text": ["$1.2 billion", "$1.2 billion", "$1.2 billion"], "answer_start": [113, 113, 113]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: On May 21, 2013, NFL owners at their spring meetings in Boston voted and awarded the game to Levi's Stadium. The $1.2 billion stadium opened in 2014. It is the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area since Super Bowl XIX in 1985, and the first in California since Super Bowl XXXVII took place in San Diego in 2003.\nQuestion: How much did it cost to build the stadium where Super Bowl 50 was played? Answer:", "ideal_response": "$1.2 billion"}
+{"id": "5729da0faf94a219006aa676", "answers": {"text": ["competition between workers", "competition", "competition"], "answer_start": [194, 194, 194]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: A job where there are many workers willing to work a large amount of time (high supply) competing for a job that few require (low demand) will result in a low wage for that job. This is because competition between workers drives down the wage. An example of this would be jobs such as dish-washing or customer service. Competition amongst workers tends to drive down wages due to the expendable nature of the worker in relation to his or her particular job. A job where there are few able or willing workers (low supply), but a large need for the positions (high demand), will result in high wages for that job. This is because competition between employers for employees will drive up the wage. Examples of this would include jobs that require highly developed skills, rare abilities, or a high level of risk. Competition amongst employers tends to drive up wages due to the nature of the job, since there is a relative shortage of workers for the particular position. Professional and labor organizations may limit the supply of workers which results in higher demand and greater incomes for members. Members may also receive higher wages through collective bargaining, political influence, or corruption.\nQuestion: What drives down wages in a job with many workers willing to work a lot? Answer:", "ideal_response": "competition between workers"}
+{"id": "57060eaf75f01819005e7910", "answers": {"text": ["Orange", "Orange County", "Orange County"], "answer_start": [0, 0, 0]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Orange County is a rapidly developing business center that includes Downtown Santa Ana, the South Coast Metro and Newport Center districts; as well as the Irvine business centers of The Irvine Spectrum, West Irvine, and international corporations headquartered at the University of California, Irvine. West Irvine includes the Irvine Tech Center and Jamboree Business Parks.\nQuestion: Which county is developing its business center? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Orange"}
+{"id": "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d11", "answers": {"text": ["steam locomotives", "steam locomotives", "steam locomotives"], "answer_start": [485, 485, 485]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Rankine cycle and most practical steam engines have a water pump to recycle or top up the boiler water, so that they may be run continuously. Utility and industrial boilers commonly use multi-stage centrifugal pumps; however, other types are used. Another means of supplying lower-pressure boiler feed water is an injector, which uses a steam jet usually supplied from the boiler. Injectors became popular in the 1850s but are no longer widely used, except in applications such as steam locomotives.\nQuestion: What is a notable application of injectors today? Answer:", "ideal_response": "steam locomotives"}
+{"id": "57286951ff5b5019007da212", "answers": {"text": ["James O. McKinsey", "James O. McKinsey", "James O. McKinsey"], "answer_start": [312, 312, 312]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In business, notable alumni include Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, Oracle Corporation founder and the third richest man in America Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine, McKinsey & Company founder and author of the first management accounting textbook James O. McKinsey, Arley D. Cathey, Bloomberg L.P. CEO Daniel Doctoroff, Credit Suisse CEO Brady Dougan, Morningstar, Inc. founder and CEO Joe Mansueto, Chicago Cubs owner and chairman Thomas S. Ricketts, and NBA commissioner Adam Silver.\nQuestion: Who founded McKinsey & Company? Answer:", "ideal_response": "James O. McKinsey"}
+{"id": "56d6f1190d65d21400198276", "answers": {"text": ["six", "ten", "ten"], "answer_start": [219, 138, 138]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: For the third straight season, the number one seeds from both conferences met in the Super Bowl. The Carolina Panthers became one of only ten teams to have completed a regular season with only one loss, and one of only six teams to have acquired a 15–1 record, while the Denver Broncos became one of four teams to have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl. The Broncos made their second Super Bowl appearance in three years, having reached Super Bowl XLVIII, while the Panthers made their second Super Bowl appearance in franchise history, their other appearance being Super Bowl XXXVIII. Coincidentally, both teams were coached by John Fox in their last Super Bowl appearance prior to Super Bowl 50.\nQuestion: How many teams have had a 15-1 record for the regular season? Answer:", "ideal_response": "six"}
+{"id": "57281f203acd2414000df4f6", "answers": {"text": ["The logo for the Twelfth Doctor", "The logo for the Twelfth Doctor", "The logo for the Twelfth Doctor"], "answer_start": [933, 933, 933]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The original logo used for the First Doctor (and briefly for the Second Doctor) was reused in a slightly modified format for the 50th anniversary special \"The Day of the Doctor\" during the Eleventh Doctor's run. The logo used in the television movie featuring the Eighth Doctor was an updated version of the logo used for the Third Doctor. The logo from 1973–80 was used for the Third Doctor's final season and for the majority of the Fourth Doctor's tenure. The following logo, while most associated with the Fifth Doctor, was also used for the Fourth Doctor's final season. The logo used for the Ninth Doctor was slightly edited for the Tenth Doctor, but it retained the same general appearance. The logo used for the Eleventh Doctor had the \"DW\" TARDIS insignia placed to the right in 2012, but the same font remained, albeit with a slight edit to the texture every episode, with the texture relating to some aspect of the story. The logo for the Twelfth Doctor had the \"DW\" TARDIS insignia removed and the font was subtly altered, as well as made slightly larger. As of 2014, the logo used for the Third and Eighth Doctors is the primary logo used on all media and merchandise relating to past Doctors, and the current Doctor Who logo is used for all merchandise relating to the current Doctor.\nQuestion: Which logo had the DW Tardis insignia removed? Answer:", "ideal_response": "The logo for the Twelfth Doctor"}
+{"id": "5726ae32708984140094cdac", "answers": {"text": ["wealth from future possible war spoils", "wealth", "wealth"], "answer_start": [126, 126, 126]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: As an incentive for absolute obedience and following his rule of law, the Yassa code, Temüjin promised civilians and soldiers wealth from future possible war spoils. As he defeated rival tribes, he did not drive away enemy soldiers and abandon the rest. Instead, he took the conquered tribe under his protection and integrated its members into his own tribe. He would even have his mother adopt orphans from the conquered tribe, bringing them into his family. These political innovations inspired great loyalty among the conquered people, making Temüjin stronger with each victory.\nQuestion: What did Temüjin promise his followers in exchange for their obedience? Answer:", "ideal_response": "wealth from future possible war spoils"}
+{"id": "572826634b864d19001645c1", "answers": {"text": ["Filipino", "Filipino community", "Filipino"], "answer_start": [476, 476, 476]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Jacksonville is the most populous city in Florida, and the twelfth most populous city in the United States. As of 2010[update], there were 821,784 people and 366,273 households in the city. Jacksonville has the country's tenth-largest Arab population, with a total population of 5,751 according to the 2000 United States Census. Jacksonville has Florida's largest Filipino American community, with 25,033 in the metropolitan area as of the 2010 Census. Much of Jacksonville's Filipino community served in or has ties to the United States Navy.\nQuestion: What Jacksonville community is known for having heavy ties to the Navy? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Filipino"}
+{"id": "572835854b864d1900164730", "answers": {"text": ["Big Finish Productions", "Big Finish Productions", "Big Finish Productions"], "answer_start": [12, 12, 12]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Since 1999, Big Finish Productions has released several different series of Doctor Who audios on CD. The earliest of these featured the Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Doctors, with Paul McGann's Eight Doctor joining the line in 2001. Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor began appearing for Big Finish in 2012. Along with the main range, adventures of the First, Second and Third Doctors have been produced in both limited cast and full cast formats, as well as audiobooks. The 2013 series Destiny of the Doctor, produced as part of the series' 50th Anniversary celebrations, marked the first time Big Finish created stories (in this case audiobooks) featuring the Doctors from the revived show.\nQuestion: What company released the CD versions of the Doctor Who stories? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Big Finish Productions"}
+{"id": "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9a", "answers": {"text": ["Zaha Hadid", "Andrea Palladio", "Zaha Hadid"], "answer_start": [990, 235, 990]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Not only are all the major British architects of the last four hundred years represented, but many European (especially Italian) and American architects' drawings are held in the collection. The RIBA's holdings of over 330 drawings by Andrea Palladio are the largest in the world, other Europeans well represented are Jacques Gentilhatre and Antonio Visentini. British architects whose drawings, and in some cases models of their buildings, in the collection, include: Inigo Jones, Sir Christopher Wren, Sir John Vanbrugh, Nicholas Hawksmoor, William Kent, James Gibbs, Robert Adam, Sir William Chambers, James Wyatt, Henry Holland, John Nash, Sir John Soane, Sir Charles Barry, Charles Robert Cockerell, Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin, Sir George Gilbert Scott, John Loughborough Pearson, George Edmund Street, Richard Norman Shaw, Alfred Waterhouse, Sir Edwin Lutyens, Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Charles Holden, Frank Hoar, Lord Richard Rogers, Lord Norman Foster, Sir Nicholas Grimshaw, Zaha Hadid and Alick Horsnell.\nQuestion: Which lone female architect listed above is represented in the collection? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Zaha Hadid"}
+{"id": "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd6", "answers": {"text": ["German", "German", "German"], "answer_start": [270, 270, 270]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Tesla was the fourth of five children. He had an older brother named Dane and three sisters, Milka, Angelina and Marica. Dane was killed in a horse-riding accident when Nikola was five. In 1861, Tesla attended the \"Lower\" or \"Primary\" School in Smiljan where he studied German, arithmetic, and religion. In 1862, the Tesla family moved to Gospić, Austrian Empire, where Tesla's father worked as a pastor. Nikola completed \"Lower\" or \"Primary\" School, followed by the \"Lower Real Gymnasium\" or \"Normal School.\"\nQuestion: What language did Tesla study while in school? Answer:", "ideal_response": "German"}
+{"id": "56d9992fdc89441400fdb5a0", "answers": {"text": ["two.", "two", "24"], "answer_start": [284, 1124, 124]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Panthers defense gave up just 308 points, ranking sixth in the league, while also leading the NFL in interceptions with 24 and boasting four Pro Bowl selections. Pro Bowl defensive tackle Kawann Short led the team in sacks with 11, while also forcing three fumbles and recovering two. Fellow lineman Mario Addison added 6½ sacks. The Panthers line also featured veteran defensive end Jared Allen, a 5-time pro bowler who was the NFL's active career sack leader with 136, along with defensive end Kony Ealy, who had 5 sacks in just 9 starts. Behind them, two of the Panthers three starting linebackers were also selected to play in the Pro Bowl: Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly. Davis compiled 5½ sacks, four forced fumbles, and four interceptions, while Kuechly led the team in tackles (118) forced two fumbles, and intercepted four passes of his own. Carolina's secondary featured Pro Bowl safety Kurt Coleman, who led the team with a career high seven interceptions, while also racking up 88 tackles and Pro Bowl cornerback Josh Norman, who developed into a shutdown corner during the season and had four interceptions, two of which were returned for touchdowns.\nQuestion: How many interceptions did Josh Norman score touchdowns with in 2015? Answer:", "ideal_response": "two."}
+{"id": "5729f1283f37b319004785da", "answers": {"text": ["minor", "minor", "minor"], "answer_start": [689, 689, 689]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Trade liberalization may shift economic inequality from a global to a domestic scale. When rich countries trade with poor countries, the low-skilled workers in the rich countries may see reduced wages as a result of the competition, while low-skilled workers in the poor countries may see increased wages. Trade economist Paul Krugman estimates that trade liberalisation has had a measurable effect on the rising inequality in the United States. He attributes this trend to increased trade with poor countries and the fragmentation of the means of production, resulting in low skilled jobs becoming more tradeable. However, he concedes that the effect of trade on inequality in America is minor when compared to other causes, such as technological innovation, a view shared by other experts. Empirical economists Max Roser and Jesus Crespo-Cuaresma find support in the data that international trade is increasing income inequality. They empirically confirm the predictions of the Stolper–Samuelson theorem regarding the effects of international trade on the distribution of incomes. Lawrence Katz estimates that trade has only accounted for 5-15% of rising income inequality. Robert Lawrence argues that technological innovation and automation has meant that low-skilled jobs have been replaced by machine labor in wealthier nations, and that wealthier countries no longer have significant numbers of low-skilled manufacturing workers that could be affected by competition from poor countries.\nQuestion: Compared to other causes, the effect of trade on inequality in America is what? Answer:", "ideal_response": "minor"}
+{"id": "56e1c2eee3433e1400423134", "answers": {"text": ["chosen machine model", "the chosen machine model", "the chosen machine model"], "answer_start": [122, 118, 118]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: But bounding the computation time above by some concrete function f(n) often yields complexity classes that depend on the chosen machine model. For instance, the language {xx | x is any binary string} can be solved in linear time on a multi-tape Turing machine, but necessarily requires quadratic time in the model of single-tape Turing machines. If we allow polynomial variations in running time, Cobham-Edmonds thesis states that \"the time complexities in any two reasonable and general models of computation are polynomially related\" (Goldreich 2008, Chapter 1.2). This forms the basis for the complexity class P, which is the set of decision problems solvable by a deterministic Turing machine within polynomial time. The corresponding set of function problems is FP.\nQuestion: Concrete bounding of computation time frequently produces complexity classes contingent upon what? Answer:", "ideal_response": "chosen machine model"}
+{"id": "5726f90b708984140094d75f", "answers": {"text": ["781", "781", "781"], "answer_start": [127, 127, 127]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: One of the more unusual collections is that of Eadweard Muybridge's photographs of Animal Locomotion of 1887, this consists of 781 plates. These sequences of photographs taken a fraction of a second apart capture images of different animals and humans performimg various actions. There are several of John Thomson's 1876-7 images of Street Life in London in the collection. The museum also holds James Lafayette's society portraits, a collection of more than 600 photographs dating from the late 19th to early 20th centuries and portraying a wide range of society figures of the period, including bishops, generals, society ladies, Indian maharajas, Ethiopian rulers and other foreign leaders, actresses, people posing in their motor cars and a sequence of photographs recording the guests at the famous fancy-dress ball held at Devonshire House in 1897 to celebrate Queen Victoria's diamond jubilee.\nQuestion: How many photographic plates comprise the Animal Locomotion collection? Answer:", "ideal_response": "781"}
+{"id": "56e059c8231d4119001ac058", "answers": {"text": ["system to power the city's streetcars", "alternating current system", "an alternating current system to power the city's streetcars"], "answer_start": [87, 67, 64]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: During that year, Tesla worked in Pittsburgh, helping to create an alternating current system to power the city's streetcars. He found the time there frustrating because of conflicts between him and the other Westinghouse engineers over how best to implement AC power. Between them, they settled on a 60-cycle AC current system Tesla proposed (to match the working frequency of Tesla's motor), although they soon found that, since Tesla's induction motor could only run at a constant speed, it would not work for street cars. They ended up using a DC traction motor instead.\nQuestion: What did Tesla work on in 1888? Answer:", "ideal_response": "system to power the city's streetcars"}
+{"id": "572917743f37b3190047800d", "answers": {"text": ["rapid expansion in telecommunication and financial activity", "rapid expansion in telecommunication and financial activity", "rapid expansion in telecommunication and financial activity"], "answer_start": [105, 105, 105]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: East and Central Africa's biggest economy has posted tremendous growth in the service sector, boosted by rapid expansion in telecommunication and financial activity over the last decade, and now[when?] contributes 62% of GDP. 22% of GDP still comes from the unreliable agricultural sector which employs 75% of the labour force (a consistent characteristic of under-developed economies that have not attained food security – an important catalyst of economic growth) A small portion of the population relies on food aid.[citation needed] Industry and manufacturing is the smallest sector, accounting for 16% of GDP. The service, industry and manufacturing sectors only employ 25% of the labour force but contribute 75% of GDP.\nQuestion: What was East and Central Africa's economy boosted by? Answer:", "ideal_response": "rapid expansion in telecommunication and financial activity"}
+{"id": "5726e985dd62a815002e94da", "answers": {"text": ["full independent prescribing authority", "full independent prescribing authority", "full independent prescribing authority"], "answer_start": [132, 132, 132]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In the U.S. federal health care system (including the VA, the Indian Health Service, and NIH) ambulatory care pharmacists are given full independent prescribing authority. In some states such North Carolina and New Mexico these pharmacist clinicians are given collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic authority. In 2011 the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties approved ambulatory care pharmacy practice as a separate board certification. The official designation for pharmacists who pass the ambulatory care pharmacy specialty certification exam will be Board Certified Ambulatory Care Pharmacist and these pharmacists will carry the initials BCACP.\nQuestion: What type of authority are ambulatory care pharmacists given in the U.S. federal health care system? Answer:", "ideal_response": "full independent prescribing authority"}
+{"id": "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f27", "answers": {"text": ["The Oude Maas", "Oude Maas", "Oude Maas"], "answer_start": [629, 633, 633]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: From here, the situation becomes more complicated, as the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water. Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows farther west, through the Waal and then, via the Merwede and Nieuwe Merwede (De Biesbosch), merging with the Meuse, through the Hollands Diep and Haringvliet estuaries, into the North Sea. The Beneden Merwede branches off, near Hardinxveld-Giessendam and continues as the Noord, to join the Lek, near the village of Kinderdijk, to form the Nieuwe Maas; then flows past Rotterdam and continues via Het Scheur and the Nieuwe Waterweg, to the North Sea. The Oude Maas branches off, near Dordrecht, farther down rejoining the Nieuwe Maas to form Het Scheur.\nQuestion: What's the name of where the Rhine branches off near Dordrecht? Answer:", "ideal_response": "The Oude Maas"}
+{"id": "572872822ca10214002da374", "answers": {"text": ["struggle, famine, and bitterness", "struggle, famine, and bitterness", "struggle, famine, and bitterness"], "answer_start": [51, 51, 51]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The final years of the Yuan dynasty were marked by struggle, famine, and bitterness among the populace. In time, Kublai Khan's successors lost all influence on other Mongol lands across Asia, while the Mongols beyond the Middle Kingdom saw them as too Chinese. Gradually, they lost influence in China as well. The reigns of the later Yuan emperors were short and marked by intrigues and rivalries. Uninterested in administration, they were separated from both the army and the populace, and China was torn by dissension and unrest. Outlaws ravaged the country without interference from the weakening Yuan armies.\nQuestion: What problems did the Yuan dynasty have near its end? Answer:", "ideal_response": "struggle, famine, and bitterness"}
+{"id": "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff2", "answers": {"text": ["Leonard Goldenson", "Leonard Goldenson", "Leonard Goldenson"], "answer_start": [0, 0, 0]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Leonard Goldenson, the president of UPT (which sought to diversify itself at the time), approached Noble in 1951 on a proposal for UPT to purchase ABC. Noble received other offers, including one from CBS founder William S. Paley; however, a merger with CBS would have forced that network to sell its New York City and Los Angeles stations at the very least. Goldenson and Noble reached a tentative agreement in the late spring of 1951 in which UPT would acquire ABC and turn it into a subsidiary of the company that would retain autonomy in its management. On June 6, 1951, the tentative agreement was approved by UPT's board of directors. However, the transaction had to be approved by the FCC because of the presence of television networks and the recent separation between Paramount and UPT. Insofar as Paramount Pictures was already a shareholder in the DuMont Television Network, the FCC conducted a series of hearings to ensure whether Paramount was truly separated from United Paramount Theatres, and whether it was violating antitrust laws.\nQuestion: Who was the president of UPT in 1951? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Leonard Goldenson"}
+{"id": "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53c", "answers": {"text": ["three", "three", "three"], "answer_start": [156, 156, 156]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Broncos took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed. Newton was limited by Denver's defense, which sacked him seven times and forced him into three turnovers, including a fumble which they recovered for a touchdown. Denver linebacker Von Miller was named Super Bowl MVP, recording five solo tackles, 2½ sacks, and two forced fumbles.\nQuestion: How many times did the Broncos cause turnovers in the game? Answer:", "ideal_response": "three"}
+{"id": "5729e02f1d0469140077963c", "answers": {"text": ["the Gini index", "Gini", "Gini"], "answer_start": [671, 613, 613]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Another cause is the rate at which income is taxed coupled with the progressivity of the tax system. A progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases. In a progressive tax system, the level of the top tax rate will often have a direct impact on the level of inequality within a society, either increasing it or decreasing it, provided that income does not change as a result of the change in tax regime. Additionally, steeper tax progressivity applied to social spending can result in a more equal distribution of income across the board. The difference between the Gini index for an income distribution before taxation and the Gini index after taxation is an indicator for the effects of such taxation.\nQuestion: What index is an indicator of the effects of taxes applied to social spending? Answer:", "ideal_response": "the Gini index"}
+{"id": "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850e", "answers": {"text": ["constituency seats", "constituency", "second"], "answer_start": [478, 478, 515]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The total number of seats in the Parliament are allocated to parties proportionally to the number of votes received in the second vote of the ballot using the d'Hondt method. For example, to determine who is awarded the first list seat, the number of list votes cast for each party is divided by one plus the number of seats the party won in the region (at this point just constituency seats). The party with the highest quotient is awarded the seat, which is then added to its constituency seats in allocating the second seat. This is repeated iteratively until all available list seats are allocated.\nQuestion: What set is a seat added to after being allocated? Answer:", "ideal_response": "constituency seats"}
+{"id": "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ad", "answers": {"text": ["X-ray imaging", "X-ray imaging", "X-ray imaging"], "answer_start": [73, 147, 147]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In March 1896, after hearing of Wilhelm Röntgen's discovery of X-ray and X-ray imaging (radiography), Tesla proceeded to do his own experiments in X-ray imaging, developing a high energy single terminal vacuum tube of his own design that had no target electrode and that worked from the output of the Tesla Coil (the modern term for the phenomenon produced by this device is bremsstrahlung or braking radiation). In his research, Tesla devised several experimental setups to produce X-rays. Tesla held that, with his circuits, the \"instrument will ... enable one to generate Roentgen rays of much greater power than obtainable with ordinary apparatus.\"\nQuestion: What did Tesla begin to research in March 1896? Answer:", "ideal_response": "X-ray imaging"}
+{"id": "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a7", "answers": {"text": ["hybrid Bermuda 419 turf", "Bermuda 419 turf", "hybrid Bermuda 419"], "answer_start": [562, 569, 562]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Concerns were raised over whether Levi's Stadium's field was of a high enough quality to host a Super Bowl; during the inaugural season, the field had to be re-sodded multiple times due to various issues, and during a week 6 game earlier in the 2015 season, a portion of the turf collapsed under Baltimore Ravens kicker Justin Tucker, causing him to slip and miss a field goal, although the field has not had any major issues since. As is customary for Super Bowl games played at natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodded the field with a new playing surface; a hybrid Bermuda 419 turf. NFL and Atlanta Braves field director Ed Mangan stated that the field was in \"great shape\" for gameday. However, the turf showed problem throughout the game, with a number of players needing to change their cleats during the game and player slipping during plays all throughout the game.\nQuestion: What was used to sod the Levi's Stadium for Super Bowl 50?  Answer:", "ideal_response": "hybrid Bermuda 419 turf"}
+{"id": "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd4", "answers": {"text": ["Ladner", "Ladner", "Ladner"], "answer_start": [16, 16, 16]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: It was shown by Ladner that if P ≠ NP then there exist problems in NP that are neither in P nor NP-complete. Such problems are called NP-intermediate problems. The graph isomorphism problem, the discrete logarithm problem and the integer factorization problem are examples of problems believed to be NP-intermediate. They are some of the very few NP problems not known to be in P or to be NP-complete.\nQuestion: Who demonstrated that P= NP implies problems not present in P or NP-complete? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Ladner"}
+{"id": "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a", "answers": {"text": ["Tower District", "Tower District", "the Tower District"], "answer_start": [234, 234, 230]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The neighborhood features restaurants, live theater and nightclubs, as well as several independent shops and bookstores, currently operating on or near Olive Avenue, and all within a few hundred feet of each other. Since renewal, the Tower District has become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses. Today, the Tower District is also known as the center of Fresno's LGBT and hipster Communities.; Additionally, Tower District is also known as the center of Fresno's local punk/goth/deathrock and heavy metal community.[citation needed]\nQuestion: What area has become attractive for restaurants? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Tower District"}
+{"id": "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f2", "answers": {"text": ["84 hours", "84 hours", "84 hours"], "answer_start": [280, 280, 280]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: During his second year of study at Graz, Tesla developed a passion for (and became very proficient at) billiards, chess and card-playing, sometimes spending more than 48 hours in a stretch at a gaming table.:43, 301 On one occasion at his laboratory, Tesla worked for a period of 84 hours without sleep or rest.:208 Kenneth Swezey, a journalist whom Tesla had befriended, confirmed that Tesla rarely slept. Swezey recalled one morning when Tesla called him at 3 a.m.: \"I was sleeping in my room like one dead ... Suddenly, the telephone ring awakened me ... [Tesla] spoke animatedly, with pauses, [as he] ... work[ed] out a problem, comparing one theory to another, commenting; and when he felt he had arrived at the solution, he suddenly closed the telephone.\"\nQuestion: What amount of time was the longest that Tesla spent working without stopping to rest? Answer:", "ideal_response": "84 hours"}
+{"id": "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951e", "answers": {"text": ["Bruno Mars", "Bruno Mars", "Bruno Mars,"], "answer_start": [245, 245, 245]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: CBS broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyoncé and Bruno Mars, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII and Super Bowl XLVIII halftime shows, respectively. It was the third-most watched U.S. broadcast ever.\nQuestion: Who was the male singer who performed as a special guest during Super Bowl 50? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Bruno Mars"}
+{"id": "56e7788200c9c71400d77182", "answers": {"text": ["between 2005 and 2010", "2005 and 2010", "between 2005 and 2010"], "answer_start": [332, 340, 332]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Teachers in Wales can be registered members of trade unions such as ATL, NUT or NASUWT and reports in recent years suggest that the average age of teachers in Wales is falling with teachers being younger than in previous years. A growing cause of concern are that attacks on teachers in Welsh schools which reached an all-time high between 2005 and 2010.\nQuestion: When were attacks on teachers the highest? Answer:", "ideal_response": "between 2005 and 2010"}
+{"id": "57267de1f1498d1400e8e194", "answers": {"text": ["Collingwood Street", "Collingwood Street", "Collingwood Street,"], "answer_start": [201, 201, 201]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: There are concentrations of pubs, bars and nightclubs around the Bigg Market and the Quayside area of the city centre. There are many bars on the Bigg Market, and other popular areas for nightlife are Collingwood Street, popularly referred to as the 'Diamond Strip' due to its concentration of high-end bars, Neville Street, the Central Station area and Osborne Road in the Jesmond area of the city. In recent years \"The Gate\" has opened in the city centre, a new indoor complex consisting of bars, upmarket clubs, restaurants and a 12-screen Empire multiplex cinema. Newcastle's gay scene - 'The Pink Triangle' - is centred on the Times Square area near the Centre for Life and has a range of bars, cafés and clubs.\nQuestion: What is referred to as the Diamond Strip? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Collingwood Street"}
+{"id": "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb76a", "answers": {"text": ["Crash the Super Bowl", "Crash the Super Bowl", "Crash the Super Bowl"], "answer_start": [699, 699, 699]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: CBS set the base rate for a 30-second advertisement at $5,000,000, a record high price for a Super Bowl ad. As of January 26, the advertisements had not yet sold out. CBS mandated that all advertisers purchase a package covering time on both the television and digital broadcasts of the game, meaning that for the first time, digital streams of the game would carry all national advertising in pattern with the television broadcast. This would be the final year in a multi-year contract with Anheuser-Busch InBev that allowed the beer manufacturer to air multiple advertisements during the game at a steep discount. It was also the final year that Doritos, a longtime sponsor of the game, held its \"Crash the Super Bowl\" contest that allowed viewers to create their own Doritos ads for a chance to have it aired during the game. Nintendo and The Pokémon Company also made their Super Bowl debut, promoting the 20th anniversary of the Pokémon video game and media franchise.\nQuestion: What was the Doritos customer Super Bowl ad campaign called? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Crash the Super Bowl"}
+{"id": "572945b11d04691400779231", "answers": {"text": ["actual temperature rise was near the top end of the range given", "temperature rise was near the top end of the range given", "near the top end of the range given by IPCC's 2001 projection"], "answer_start": [369, 376, 397]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: On 1 February 2007, the eve of the publication of IPCC's major report on climate, a study was published suggesting that temperatures and sea levels have been rising at or above the maximum rates proposed during the last IPCC report in 2001. The study compared IPCC 2001 projections on temperature and sea level change with observations. Over the six years studied, the actual temperature rise was near the top end of the range given by IPCC's 2001 projection, and the actual sea level rise was above the top of the range of the IPCC projection.\nQuestion: How did the 2001 IPCC report compare to reality on temperature levels? Answer:", "ideal_response": "actual temperature rise was near the top end of the range given"}
+{"id": "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703d", "answers": {"text": ["attention-seeking and disruptive students", "attention-seeking and disruptive students", "attention-seeking and disruptive students"], "answer_start": [300, 300, 300]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Where school class sizes are typically 40 to 50 students, maintaining order in the classroom can divert the teacher from instruction, leaving little opportunity for concentration and focus on what is being taught. In response, teachers may concentrate their attention on motivated students, ignoring attention-seeking and disruptive students. The result of this is that motivated students, facing demanding university entrance examinations, receive disproportionate resources. Given the emphasis on attainment of university places, administrators and governors may regard this policy as appropriate.\nQuestion: Who may teachers ignore, in order to prioritize attention? Answer:", "ideal_response": "attention-seeking and disruptive students"}
+{"id": "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f1", "answers": {"text": ["Schedule 5", "Schedule 5", "Schedule 5"], "answer_start": [82, 82, 82]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The specific devolved matters are all subjects which are not explicitly stated in Schedule 5 to the Scotland Act as reserved matters. All matters that are not specifically reserved are automatically devolved to the Scottish Parliament. Most importantly, this includes agriculture, fisheries and forestry, economic development, education, environment, food standards, health, home affairs, Scots law – courts, police and fire services, local government, sport and the arts, transport, training, tourism, research and statistics and social work. The Scottish Parliament has the ability to alter income tax in Scotland by up to 3 pence in the pound. The 2012 Act conferred further fiscal devolution including borrowing powers and some other unconnected matters such as setting speed limits and control of air guns.\nQuestion: Where are reserved matters stated in the Scotland Act? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Schedule 5"}
+{"id": "57332a734776f41900660729", "answers": {"text": ["1815", "1815", "1815"], "answer_start": [320, 320, 320]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Warsaw remained the capital of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1796, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia to become the capital of the province of South Prussia. Liberated by Napoleon's army in 1806, Warsaw was made the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw. Following the Congress of Vienna of 1815, Warsaw became the centre of the Congress Poland, a constitutional monarchy under a personal union with Imperial Russia. The Royal University of Warsaw was established in 1816.\nQuestion: When did Warsaw become the center of the Congress Poland? Answer:", "ideal_response": "1815"}
+{"id": "572803493acd2414000df22d", "answers": {"text": ["Between about 1964 and 1973", "the first six years", "Between about 1964 and 1973"], "answer_start": [0, 423, 0]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Between about 1964 and 1973, large amounts of older material stored in the BBC's various video tape and film libraries were either destroyed,[note 3] wiped, or suffered from poor storage which led to severe deterioration from broadcast quality. This included many old episodes of Doctor Who, mostly stories featuring the first two Doctors: William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton. In all, 97 of 253 episodes produced during the first six years of the programme are not held in the BBC's archives (most notably seasons 3, 4, & 5, from which 79 episodes are missing). In 1972, almost all episodes then made were known to exist at the BBC, while by 1978 the practice of wiping tapes and destroying \"spare\" film copies had been brought to a stop.\nQuestion: What years saw the most loss of old shows in the BBC archives? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Between about 1964 and 1973"}
+{"id": "57290ee2af94a219006aa002", "answers": {"text": ["depending on each party's strength in Parliament", "each party's strength in Parliament", "each party's strength in Parliament"], "answer_start": [252, 265, 265]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: On 28 February 2008, Kibaki and Odinga signed an agreement on the formation of a coalition government in which Odinga would become Kenya's second Prime Minister. Under the deal, the president would appoint cabinet ministers from both PNU and ODM camps depending on each party's strength in Parliament. The agreement stipulated that the cabinet would include a vice-president and two deputy Prime Ministers. After debates, it was passed by Parliament, the coalition would hold until the end of the current Parliament or if either of the parties withdraws from the deal before then.\nQuestion: How was it determined how many from each camp would be appointed? Answer:", "ideal_response": "depending on each party's strength in Parliament"}
+{"id": "5727705f5951b619008f89f3", "answers": {"text": ["ABC Sunday Night Movie", "ABC Sunday Night Movie", "ABC Sunday Night Movie"], "answer_start": [230, 230, 230]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Due to pressure from film studios wanting to increase their production, as the major networks began airing theatrically released films, ABC joined CBS and NBC in broadcasting films on Sunday nights in 1962, with the launch of the ABC Sunday Night Movie, which debuted a year behind its competitors and was initially presented in black-and-white. Despite a significant increase in viewership (with its audience share having increased to 33% from the 15% share it had in 1953), ABC remained in third place; the company had a total revenue of $15.5 million, a third of the revenue pulled in by CBS at the same period. To catch up, ABC followed up The Flintstones with another animated series from Hanna-Barbera, The Jetsons, which debuted on September 23, 1962 as the first television series to be broadcast in color on the network. On April 1, 1963, ABC debuted the soap opera General Hospital, which would go on to become the television network's long-running entertainment program. That year also saw the premiere of The Fugitive (on September 17), a drama series centering on a man on the run after being accused of committing a murder he did not commit.\nQuestion: What was the title of ABC's broadcast film program that debuted on Sundays in 1962? Answer:", "ideal_response": "ABC Sunday Night Movie"}
+{"id": "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f0", "answers": {"text": ["force-free magnetic fields", "waves in plasmas", "in force-free magnetic fields"], "answer_start": [523, 473, 520]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Tesla noted the hazards of working with his circuit and single-node X-ray-producing devices. In his many notes on the early investigation of this phenomenon, he attributed the skin damage to various causes. He believed early on that damage to the skin was not caused by the Roentgen rays, but by the ozone generated in contact with the skin, and to a lesser extent, by nitrous acid. Tesla incorrectly believed that X-rays were longitudinal waves, such as those produced in waves in plasmas. These plasma waves can occur in force-free magnetic fields.\nQuestion: Where are longitudinal waves found? Answer:", "ideal_response": "force-free magnetic fields"}
+{"id": "57290f963f37b31900477fef", "answers": {"text": ["the two political parties would share power equally", "two political parties would share power equally", "two political parties would share power equally"], "answer_start": [872, 876, 876]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The new office of the PM will have power and authority to co-ordinate and supervise the functions of the Government and will be occupied by an elected MP who will be the leader of the party or coalition with majority members in Parliament. The world watched Annan and his UN-backed panel and African Union chairman Jakaya Kikwete as they brought together the former rivals to the signing ceremony, beamed live on national TV from the steps of Nairobi's Harambee House. On 29 February 2008, representatives of PNU and ODM began working on the finer details of the power-sharing agreement. Kenyan lawmakers unanimously approved a power-sharing deal 18 March 2008, aimed at salvaging a country usually seen as one of the most stable and prosperous in Africa. The deal brought Kibaki's PNU and Odinga's ODM together and heralded the formation of the grand coalition, in which the two political parties would share power equally.\nQuestion: What was the goal of the grand coalition? Answer:", "ideal_response": "the two political parties would share power equally"}
+{"id": "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b12", "answers": {"text": ["Directives", "Directives", "Directives"], "answer_start": [100, 100, 100]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: While the Treaties and Regulations will have direct effect (if clear, unconditional and immediate), Directives do not generally give citizens (as opposed to the member state) standing to sue other citizens. In theory, this is because TFEU article 288 says Directives are addressed to the member states and usually \"leave to the national authorities the choice of form and methods\" to implement. In part this reflects that directives often create minimum standards, leaving member states to apply higher standards. For example, the Working Time Directive requires that every worker has at least 4 weeks paid holidays each year, but most member states require more than 28 days in national law. However, on the current position adopted by the Court of Justice, citizens have standing to make claims based on national laws that implement Directives, but not from Directives themselves. Directives do not have so called \"horizontal\" direct effect (i.e. between non-state parties). This view was instantly controversial, and in the early 1990s three Advocate Generals persuasively argued that Directives should create rights and duties for all citizens. The Court of Justice refused, but there are five large exceptions.\nQuestion: What generally does not allow citizens to sue other citizens? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Directives"}
+{"id": "57273887dd62a815002e99a4", "answers": {"text": ["a personal concept", "tolerance", "a personal concept, and not subject to law or interference"], "answer_start": [196, 468, 196]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: There were tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance because Mongol tradition had long held that religion was a personal concept, and not subject to law or interference.[citation needed] Sometime before the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong Khan, his mentor and eventual rival, had converted to Nestorian Christianity. Various Mongol tribes were Shamanist, Buddhist or Christian. Religious tolerance was thus a well established concept on the Asian steppe.\nQuestion: How was religion handled in the Mongol Empire? Answer:", "ideal_response": "a personal concept"}
+{"id": "5726f0865951b619008f82e8", "answers": {"text": ["1985", "1985", "1985"], "answer_start": [707, 707, 707]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In 1959, Walt Disney Productions, having improved its financial situation, had purchased ABC's shares in the Disneyland theme park for $7.5 million and initiated discussions to renew ABC's television contract for Walt Disney Presents, which was due to expire in 1961. Walt Disney was approached by NBC to produce color broadcasts of his anthology series (which would be renamed Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color). Goldenson said ABC could not counter the offer, because the network did not have the technical and financial resources to carry the program in the format. As a result, ABC and Disney's first television collaboration ended in 1961 (the network would resume its relationship with Disney in 1985, when the anthology series returned to the network for a three-season run as the Disney Sunday Movie until it lost the rights to NBC again in 1988; the Disney anthology series would return to ABC in 1996, following the company's purchase of the future Capital Cities/ABC, as The Wonderful World of Disney).\nQuestion: In what year did ABC resume its television relationship with Disney? Answer:", "ideal_response": "1985"}
+{"id": "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e5", "answers": {"text": ["Darren Fletcher", "Darren Fletcher", "Darren Fletcher"], "answer_start": [159, 159, 159]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In the United Kingdom, BBC Radio 5 Live and 5 Live Sports Extra will carry the contest. The BBC will carry its own British English broadcast, with Greg Brady, Darren Fletcher and Rocky Boiman on commentary.\nQuestion: Who makes up the BBC commentary team with Greg Brady and Rocky Boiman? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Darren Fletcher"}
+{"id": "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a6", "answers": {"text": ["effective", "Effective", "Effective"], "answer_start": [268, 288, 288]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Students are likely to build stronger relations with teachers who are friendly and supportive and will show more interest in courses taught by these teachers. Teachers that spend more time interacting and working directly with students are perceived as supportive and effective teachers. Effective teachers have been shown to invite student participation and decision making, allow humor into their classroom, and demonstrate a willingness to play.\nQuestion: Humor is a part of the classroom for what type of teacher? Answer:", "ideal_response": "effective"}
+{"id": "56d71fc00d65d21400198389", "answers": {"text": ["John Sutcliffe.", "John Sutcliffe", "Sutcliffe"], "answer_start": [617, 617, 622]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: On December 28, 2015, ESPN Deportes announced that they had reached an agreement with CBS and the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the game, marking the third dedicated Spanish-language broadcast of the Super Bowl. Unlike NBC and Fox, CBS does not have a Spanish-language outlet of its own that could broadcast the game (though per league policy, a separate Spanish play-by-play call was carried on CBS's second audio program channel for over-the-air viewers). The game was called by ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew of Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre, and sideline reporter John Sutcliffe. ESPN Deportes broadcast pre-game and post-game coverage, while Martin, Allegre, and Sutcliffe contributed English-language reports for ESPN's SportsCenter and Mike & Mike.\nQuestion: Who was the sideline reporter for ESPN Deportes? Answer:", "ideal_response": "John Sutcliffe."}
+{"id": "57293e983f37b3190047818c", "answers": {"text": ["16 national science academies", "16", "16"], "answer_start": [9, 9, 9]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In 2001, 16 national science academies issued a joint statement on climate change. The joint statement was made by the Australian Academy of Science, the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Science and the Arts, the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, the Royal Society of Canada, the Caribbean Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the French Academy of Sciences, the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina, the Indian National Science Academy, the Indonesian Academy of Sciences, the Royal Irish Academy, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei (Italy), the Academy of Sciences Malaysia, the Academy Council of the Royal Society of New Zealand, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and the Royal Society (UK). The statement, also published as an editorial in the journal Science, stated \"we support the [TAR's] conclusion that it is at least 90% certain that temperatures will continue to rise, with average global surface temperature projected to increase by between 1.4 and 5.8 °C above 1990 levels by 2100\". The TAR has also been endorsed by the Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences, Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society, and European Geosciences Union (refer to \"Endorsements of the IPCC\").\nQuestion: How many organizations issued the joint statement on climate change? Answer:", "ideal_response": "16 national science academies"}
+{"id": "5727d0f73acd2414000ded13", "answers": {"text": ["late 1980s", "late 1980s", "1980s"], "answer_start": [56, 56, 61]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: During the divestment from South Africa movement in the late 1980s, student activists erected a symbolic \"shantytown\" on Harvard Yard and blockaded a speech given by South African Vice Consul Duke Kent-Brown. The Harvard Management Company repeatedly refused to divest, stating that \"operating expenses must not be subject to financially unrealistic strictures or carping by the unsophisticated or by special interest groups.\" However, the university did eventually reduce its South African holdings by $230 million (out of $400 million) in response to the pressure.\nQuestion: When was the divestment from South Africa movement?  Answer:", "ideal_response": "late 1980s"}
+{"id": "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c37", "answers": {"text": ["Jochi", "Jochi", "Jochi"], "answer_start": [430, 430, 430]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: As previously arranged by his father, Temüjin married Börte of the Onggirat tribe when he was around 16 in order to cement alliances between their respective tribes. Soon after Börte's marriage to Temüjin, she was kidnapped by the Merkits and reportedly given away as a wife. Temüjin rescued her with the help of his friend and future rival, Jamukha, and his protector, Toghrul Khan of the Keraite tribe. She gave birth to a son, Jochi (1185–1226), nine months later, clouding the issue of his parentage. Despite speculation over Jochi, Börte would be Temüjin's only empress, though he did follow tradition by taking several morganatic wives.\nQuestion: What was the name of Temüjin's wife Börte's first son? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Jochi"}
+{"id": "5729e2b76aef0514001550d1", "answers": {"text": ["Education", "Education", "Education"], "answer_start": [545, 545, 545]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: During the mass high school education movement from 1910–1940, there was an increase in skilled workers, which led to a decrease in the price of skilled labor. High school education during the period was designed to equip students with necessary skill sets to be able to perform at work. In fact, it differs from the present high school education, which is regarded as a stepping-stone to acquire college and advanced degrees. This decrease in wages caused a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers. Education is very important for the growth of the economy, however educational inequality in gender also influence towards the economy. Lagerlof and Galor stated that gender inequality in education can result to low economic growth, and continued gender inequality in education, thus creating a poverty trap. It is suggested that a large gap in male and female education may indicate backwardness and so may be associated with lower economic growth, which can explain why there is economic inequality between countries.\nQuestion: What is very important for the growth of the economy? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Education"}
+{"id": "573011de04bcaa1900d770fd", "answers": {"text": ["By the 1970s", "the 1970s", "1970s"], "answer_start": [452, 455, 459]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: While Qutb's ideas became increasingly radical during his imprisonment prior to his execution in 1966, the leadership of the Brotherhood, led by Hasan al-Hudaybi, remained moderate and interested in political negotiation and activism. Fringe or splinter movements inspired by the final writings of Qutb in the mid-1960s (particularly the manifesto Milestones, a.k.a. Ma'alim fi-l-Tariq) did, however, develop and they pursued a more radical direction. By the 1970s, the Brotherhood had renounced violence as a means of achieving its goals.\nQuestion: When had the Brotherhood renounced violence as a means of achieving its goals? Answer:", "ideal_response": "By the 1970s"}
+{"id": "56e0e518231d4119001ac445", "answers": {"text": ["a DC traction motor", "a DC traction motor", "DC traction motor"], "answer_start": [546, 546, 548]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: During that year, Tesla worked in Pittsburgh, helping to create an alternating current system to power the city's streetcars. He found the time there frustrating because of conflicts between him and the other Westinghouse engineers over how best to implement AC power. Between them, they settled on a 60-cycle AC current system Tesla proposed (to match the working frequency of Tesla's motor), although they soon found that, since Tesla's induction motor could only run at a constant speed, it would not work for street cars. They ended up using a DC traction motor instead.\nQuestion: What ended up being used for the streetcars in the place of Tesla's system? Answer:", "ideal_response": "a DC traction motor"}
+{"id": "572956c86aef051400154d1a", "answers": {"text": ["plants and algae", "plants and algae", "plants and algae."], "answer_start": [590, 590, 590]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Chloroplasts are one of many types of organelles in the plant cell. They are considered to have originated from cyanobacteria through endosymbiosis—when a eukaryotic cell engulfed a photosynthesizing cyanobacterium that became a permanent resident in the cell. Mitochondria are thought to have come from a similar event, where an aerobic prokaryote was engulfed. This origin of chloroplasts was first suggested by the Russian biologist Konstantin Mereschkowski in 1905 after Andreas Schimper observed in 1883 that chloroplasts closely resemble cyanobacteria. Chloroplasts are only found in plants and algae.\nQuestion: Which organisms have chloroplasts? Answer:", "ideal_response": "plants and algae"}
+{"id": "572a07c11d046914007796d7", "answers": {"text": ["southern Suriname", "southern Suriname", "southern Suriname"], "answer_start": [292, 292, 292]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The use of remote sensing for the conservation of the Amazon is also being used by the indigenous tribes of the basin to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests. Using handheld GPS devices and programs like Google Earth, members of the Trio Tribe, who live in the rainforests of southern Suriname, map out their ancestral lands to help strengthen their territorial claims. Currently, most tribes in the Amazon do not have clearly defined boundaries, making it easier for commercial ventures to target their territories.\nQuestion: Tribal members living in the rainforests of what region are using Google Earth? Answer:", "ideal_response": "southern Suriname"}
+{"id": "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf2", "answers": {"text": ["Khuruldai", "Khuruldai", "Khuruldai"], "answer_start": [254, 254, 254]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: As a result, by 1206 Temüjin had managed to unite or subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, Uyghurs, and other disparate smaller tribes under his rule. It was a monumental feat for the \"Mongols\" (as they became known collectively). At a Khuruldai, a council of Mongol chiefs, Temüjin was acknowledged as \"Khan\" of the consolidated tribes and took the new title \"Genghis Khan\". The title Khagan was not conferred on Genghis until after his death, when his son and successor, Ögedei, took the title for himself and extended it posthumously to his father (as he was also to be posthumously declared the founder of the Yuan dynasty). This unification of all confederations by Genghis Khan established peace between previously warring tribes and a single political and military force under Genghis Khan.\nQuestion: What is the term for a meeting of Mongol chiefs? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Khuruldai"}
+{"id": "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9047", "answers": {"text": ["Subutai", "Subutai", "Subutai"], "answer_start": [167, 167, 167]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, while another 20,000 (two tumen) contingent marched through the Caucasus and into Russia under generals Jebe and Subutai. They pushed deep into Armenia and Azerbaijan. The Mongols destroyed the kingdom of Georgia, sacked the Genoese trade-fortress of Caffa in Crimea and overwintered near the Black Sea. Heading home, Subutai's forces attacked the allied forces of the Cuman–Kipchaks and the poorly coordinated 80,000 Kievan Rus' troops led by Mstislav the Bold of Halych and Mstislav III of Kiev who went out to stop the Mongols' actions in the area. Subutai sent emissaries to the Slavic princes calling for a separate peace, but the emissaries were executed. At the Battle of Kalka River in 1223, Subutai's forces defeated the larger Kievan force. They also may have fought against the neighboring Volga Bulgars. There is no historical record except a short account by the Arab historian Ibn al-Athir, writing in Mosul some 1100 miles away from the event. Various historical secondary sources - Morgan, Chambers, Grousset - state that the Mongols actually defeated the Bulgars, Chambers even going so far as to say that the Bulgars had made up stories to tell the (recently crushed) Russians that they had beaten the Mongols and driven them from their territory. The Russian princes then sued for peace. Subutai agreed but was in no mood to pardon the princes. As was customary in Mongol society for nobility, the Russian princes were given a bloodless death. Subutai had a large wooden platform constructed on which he ate his meals along with his other generals. Six Russian princes, including Mstislav III of Kiev, were put under this platform and crushed to death.\nQuestion: Whose plan called for the Mongolian army to split in two after the Khwarezmian conquest? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Subutai"}
+{"id": "573330444776f4190066075a", "answers": {"text": ["less than a year", "less than a year", "less than a year"], "answer_start": [177, 177, 177]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: John Paul II's visits to his native country in 1979 and 1983 brought support to the budding solidarity movement and encouraged the growing anti-communist fervor there. In 1979, less than a year after becoming pope, John Paul celebrated Mass in Victory Square in Warsaw and ended his sermon with a call to \"renew the face\" of Poland: Let Thy Spirit descend! Let Thy Spirit descend and renew the face of the land! This land! These words were very meaningful for the Polish citizens who understood them as the incentive for the democratic changes.\nQuestion: How long had John Paul II been the pope in 1979? Answer:", "ideal_response": "less than a year"}
+{"id": "57270676dd62a815002e97f1", "answers": {"text": ["William Morris", "William Morris", "William Morris"], "answer_start": [217, 217, 217]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: One of the earliest surviving examples of European quilting, the late 14th-century Sicilian Tristan Quilt, is also held by the collection. The collection has numerous examples of various types of textiles designed by William Morris, including, embroidery, woven fabrics, tapestries (Including 'The Forest' tapestry of 1887), rugs and carpets, as well as pattern books and paper designs. The art deco period is covered by rugs and fabrics designed by Marion Dorn. From the same period there is a rug designed by Serge Chermayeff.\nQuestion: Who designed The Forest tapestry in the V&A collection? Answer:", "ideal_response": "William Morris"}
+{"id": "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf", "answers": {"text": ["parallel importers like Mr Dassonville", "parallel importers", "parallel importers"], "answer_start": [839, 839, 839]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Free movement of goods within the European Union is achieved by a customs union, and the principle of non-discrimination. The EU manages imports from non-member states, duties between member states are prohibited, and imports circulate freely. In addition under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union article 34, ‘Quantitative restrictions on imports and all measures having equivalent effect shall be prohibited between Member States’. In Procureur du Roi v Dassonville the Court of Justice held that this rule meant all \"trading rules\" that are \"enacted by Member States\" which could hinder trade \"directly or indirectly, actually or potentially\" would be caught by article 34. This meant that a Belgian law requiring Scotch whisky imports to have a certificate of origin was unlikely to be lawful. It discriminated against parallel importers like Mr Dassonville, who could not get certificates from authorities in France, where they bought the Scotch. This \"wide test\", to determine what could potentially be an unlawful restriction on trade, applies equally to actions by quasi-government bodies, such as the former \"Buy Irish\" company that had government appointees. It also means states can be responsible for private actors. For instance, in Commission v France French farmer vigilantes were continually sabotaging shipments of Spanish strawberries, and even Belgian tomato imports. France was liable for these hindrances to trade because the authorities ‘manifestly and persistently abstained' from preventing the sabotage. Generally speaking, if a member state has laws or practices that directly discriminate against imports (or exports under TFEU article 35) then it must be justified under article 36. The justifications include public morality, policy or security, \"protection of health and life of humans, animals or plants\", \"national treasures\" of \"artistic, historic or archaeological value\" and \"industrial and commercial property.\" In addition, although not clearly listed, environmental protection can justify restrictions on trade as an overriding requirement derived from TFEU article 11. More generally, it has been increasingly acknowledged that fundamental human rights should take priority over all trade rules. So, in Schmidberger v Austria the Court of Justice held that Austria did not infringe article 34 by failing to ban a protest that blocked heavy traffic passing over the A13, Brenner Autobahn, en route to Italy. Although many companies, including Mr Schmidberger's German undertaking, were prevented from trading, the Court of Justice reasoned that freedom of association is one of the ‘fundamental pillars of a democratic society’, against which the free movement of goods had to be balanced, and was probably subordinate. If a member state does appeal to the article 36 justification, the measures it takes have to be applied proportionately. This means the rule must be pursue a legitimate aim and (1) be suitable to achieve the aim, (2) be necessary, so that a less restrictive measure could not achieve the same result, and (3) be reasonable in balancing the interests of free trade with interests in article 36.\nQuestion: What did did article 34 discriminate against in Procureur du Roi v Dassonville? Answer:", "ideal_response": "parallel importers like Mr Dassonville"}
+{"id": "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154c", "answers": {"text": ["their Annual Conference", "Annual Conference", "their Annual Conference"], "answer_start": [403, 409, 403]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Annual Conference, roughly the equivalent of a diocese in the Anglican Communion and the Roman Catholic Church or a synod in some Lutheran denominations such as the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, is the basic unit of organization within the UMC. The term Annual Conference is often used to refer to the geographical area it covers as well as the frequency of meeting. Clergy are members of their Annual Conference rather than of any local congregation, and are appointed to a local church or other charge annually by the conference's resident Bishop at the meeting of the Annual Conference. In many ways, the United Methodist Church operates in a connectional organization of the Annual Conferences, and actions taken by one conference are not binding upon another.\nQuestion: Clergy are members of what group rather than of any local congregation? Answer:", "ideal_response": "their Annual Conference"}
+{"id": "57287c142ca10214002da3d2", "answers": {"text": ["granaries were ordered built throughout the empire", "granaries were ordered built throughout the empire", "granaries were ordered built"], "answer_start": [448, 448, 448]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Yuan undertook extensive public works. Among Kublai Khan's top engineers and scientists was the astronomer Guo Shoujing, who was tasked with many public works projects and helped the Yuan reform the lunisolar calendar to provide an accuracy of 365.2425 days of the year, which was only 26 seconds off the modern Gregorian calendar's measurement. Road and water communications were reorganized and improved. To provide against possible famines, granaries were ordered built throughout the empire. The city of Beijing was rebuilt with new palace grounds that included artificial lakes, hills and mountains, and parks. During the Yuan period, Beijing became the terminus of the Grand Canal of China, which was completely renovated. These commercially oriented improvements encouraged overland and maritime commerce throughout Asia and facilitated direct Chinese contacts with Europe. Chinese travelers to the West were able to provide assistance in such areas as hydraulic engineering. Contacts with the West also brought the introduction to China of a major food crop, sorghum, along with other foreign food products and methods of preparation.\nQuestion: What did Kublai do to prevent famines? Answer:", "ideal_response": "granaries were ordered built throughout the empire"}
+{"id": "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a7", "answers": {"text": ["5", "five", "five"], "answer_start": [290, 761, 761]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Manning finished the year with a career-low 67.9 passer rating, throwing for 2,249 yards and nine touchdowns, with 17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler threw for 1,967 yards, 10 touchdowns and six interceptions for a rating of 86.4. Veteran receiver Demaryius Thomas led the team with 105 receptions for 1,304 yards and six touchdowns, while Emmanuel Sanders caught 76 passes for 1,135 yards and six scores, while adding another 106 yards returning punts. Tight end Owen Daniels was also a big element of the passing game with 46 receptions for 517 yards. Running back C. J. Anderson was the team's leading rusher 863 yards and seven touchdowns, while also catching 25 passes for 183 yards. Running back Ronnie Hillman also made a big impact with 720 yards, five touchdowns, 24 receptions, and a 4.7 yards per carry average. Overall, the offense ranked 19th in scoring with 355 points and did not have any Pro Bowl selections.\nQuestion: How many touchdowns did Ronnie Hillman make? Answer:", "ideal_response": "5"}
+{"id": "5733834ed058e614000b5c27", "answers": {"text": ["World War II", "World War II", "World War II."], "answer_start": [82, 82, 82]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Warsaw's first stock exchange was established in 1817 and continued trading until World War II. It was re-established in April 1991, following the end of the post-war communist control of the country and the reintroduction of a free-market economy. Today, the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) is, according to many indicators, the largest market in the region, with 374 companies listed and total capitalization of 162 584 mln EUR as of 31 August 2009. From 1991 until 2000, the stock exchange was, ironically, located in the building previously used as the headquarters of the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR).\nQuestion: What brought Warsaw's stock exchange to a stop? Answer:", "ideal_response": "World War II"}
+{"id": "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dc", "answers": {"text": ["SAP Center", "SAP Center", "SAP Center"], "answer_start": [209, 209, 209]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The game's media day, which was typically held on the Tuesday afternoon prior to the game, was moved to the Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night. The event was held on February 1, 2016 at SAP Center in San Jose. Alongside the traditional media availabilities, the event featured an opening ceremony with player introductions on a replica of the Golden Gate Bridge.\nQuestion: What is the name of the property where the media event was held for Super Bowl 50? Answer:", "ideal_response": "SAP Center"}
+{"id": "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fed", "answers": {"text": ["the South", "the South", "the South"], "answer_start": [68, 68, 68]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: 30 US states have banned corporal punishment, the others (mostly in the South) have not. It is still used to a significant (though declining) degree in some public schools in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas. Private schools in these and most other states may also use it. Corporal punishment in American schools is administered to the seat of the student's trousers or skirt with a specially made wooden paddle. This often used to take place in the classroom or hallway, but nowadays the punishment is usually given privately in the principal's office.\nQuestion: Where is corporal punishment practiced the most? Answer:", "ideal_response": "the South"}
+{"id": "57092322efce8f15003a7db1", "answers": {"text": ["BSkyB", "BSkyB", "BSkyB"], "answer_start": [98, 98, 98]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Formed in November 1990 by the equal merger of Sky Television and British Satellite Broadcasting, BSkyB became the UK's largest digital subscription television company. Following BSkyB's 2014 acquisition of Sky Italia and a majority 90.04% interest in Sky Deutschland in November 2014, its holding company British Sky Broadcasting Group plc changed its name to Sky plc. The United Kingdom operations also changed the company name from British Sky Broadcasting Limited to Sky UK Limited, still trading as Sky.\nQuestion: Who is the UK's largest digital subscription television company? Answer:", "ideal_response": "BSkyB"}
+{"id": "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ac", "answers": {"text": ["34–19", "34–19", "34–19"], "answer_start": [392, 392, 392]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: As the designated home team in the annual rotation between AFC and NFC teams, the Broncos elected to wear their road white jerseys with matching white pants. Elway stated, \"We've had Super Bowl success in our white uniforms.\" The Broncos last wore matching white jerseys and pants in the Super Bowl in Super Bowl XXXIII, Elway's last game as Denver QB, when they defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34–19. In their only other Super Bowl win in Super Bowl XXXII, Denver wore blue jerseys, which was their primary color at the time. They also lost Super Bowl XXI when they wore white jerseys, but they are 0-4 in Super Bowls when wearing orange jerseys, losing in Super Bowl XII, XXII, XXIV, and XLVIII. The only other AFC champion team to have worn white as the designated home team in the Super Bowl was the Pittsburgh Steelers; they defeated the Seattle Seahawks 21–10 in Super Bowl XL 10 seasons prior. The Broncos' decision to wear white meant the Panthers would wear their standard home uniform: black jerseys with silver pants.\nQuestion: What was the final score for Super Bowl XXXIII? Answer:", "ideal_response": "34–19"}
+{"id": "57290e153f37b31900477fd9", "answers": {"text": ["programmes to avoid similar disasters in the future", "programmes", "programmes"], "answer_start": [81, 81, 81]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Since the election riots, the government and civil society organisations started programmes to avoid similar disasters in the future, said Agnes R. M. Aboum – executive director of TAABCO Research and Development Consultants in Nairobi – in the magazine D+C Development and Cooperation. For example, the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission initiated community dialogues, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya started peace meetings and the Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation process was started.\nQuestion: What did the government and civil society organisations start after the riots? Answer:", "ideal_response": "programmes to avoid similar disasters in the future"}
+{"id": "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5f", "answers": {"text": ["vote", "vote", "vote"], "answer_start": [604, 604, 604]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The debating chamber of the Scottish Parliament has seating arranged in a hemicycle, which reflects the desire to encourage consensus amongst elected members. There are 131 seats in the debating chamber. Of the total 131 seats, 129 are occupied by the Parliament's elected MSPs and 2 are seats for the Scottish Law Officers – the Lord Advocate and the Solicitor General for Scotland, who are not elected members of the Parliament but are members of the Scottish Government. As such the Law Officers may attend and speak in the plenary meetings of the Parliament but, as they are not elected MSPs, cannot vote. Members are able to sit anywhere in the debating chamber, but typically sit in their party groupings. The First Minister, Scottish cabinet ministers and Law officers sit in the front row, in the middle section of the chamber. The largest party in the Parliament sits in the middle of the semicircle, with opposing parties on either side. The Presiding Officer, parliamentary clerks and officials sit opposite members at the front of the debating chamber.\nQuestion: What can the non-elected members from the Scottish Government not do? Answer:", "ideal_response": "vote"}
+{"id": "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c6", "answers": {"text": ["17 February 1546", "17 February 1546", "17 February 1546"], "answer_start": [48, 48, 48]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The negotiations were successfully concluded on 17 February 1546. After 8 a.m., he experienced chest pains. When he went to his bed, he prayed, \"Into your hand I commit my spirit; you have redeemed me, O Lord, faithful God\" (Ps. 31:5), the common prayer of the dying. At 1 a.m. he awoke with more chest pain and was warmed with hot towels. He thanked God for revealing his Son to him in whom he had believed. His companions, Justus Jonas and Michael Coelius, shouted loudly, \"Reverend father, are you ready to die trusting in your Lord Jesus Christ and to confess the doctrine which you have taught in his name?\" A distinct \"Yes\" was Luther's reply.\nQuestion: When were the negotiations finished in Mansfeld? Answer:", "ideal_response": "17 February 1546"}
+{"id": "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b8", "answers": {"text": ["1943", "1943", "1943"], "answer_start": [71, 71, 71]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Nikola Tesla (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Тесла; 10 July 1856 – 7 January 1943) was a Serbian American inventor, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer, physicist, and futurist best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system.\nQuestion: In what year did Tesla die? Answer:", "ideal_response": "1943"}
+{"id": "56f895339e9bad19000a0179", "answers": {"text": ["no way contributes", "in no way", "in no way"], "answer_start": [342, 339, 339]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Some scholars have asserted that Luther taught that faith and reason were antithetical in the sense that questions of faith could not be illuminated by reason. He wrote, \"All the articles of our Christian faith, which God has revealed to us in His Word, are in presence of reason sheerly impossible, absurd, and false.\" and \"[That] Reason in no way contributes to faith. [...] For reason is the greatest enemy that faith has; it never comes to the aid of spiritual things.\" However, though seemingly contradictorily, he also wrote in the latter work that human reason \"strives not against faith, when enlightened, but rather furthers and advances it\", bringing claims he was a fideist into dispute. Contemporary Lutheran scholarship, however, has found a different reality in Luther. Luther rather seeks to separate faith and reason in order to honor the separate spheres of knowledge that each applies to. Bernhard Lohse, for example, has demonstrated in his classic work \"Fides und Ratio\" that Luther ultimately sought to put the two together. More recently, Hans-Peter Grosshans has demonstrated that Luther's work on Biblical Criticism stresses the need for external coherence in the right exegetical method. This means that for Luther it is more important that the Bible is reasonable according to the reality outside of the scriptures than that the Bible makes sense to itself, that it has internal coherence. The right tool for understanding the world outside of the Bible for Luther is none other than reason, which for him is the field of science, philosophy, history and empirical observation. Here a different picture is presented of a Luther who deeply valued both faith and reason, and held them in dialectical partnership. Luther's concern thus in separating them is honoring their different epistemological spheres.\nQuestion: How did Luther say that reason contributes to faith? Answer:", "ideal_response": "no way contributes"}
+{"id": "57309921396df919000961f6", "answers": {"text": ["mid-18th century", "began in the mid-18th century within the Church of England.", "mid-18th century"], "answer_start": [73, 60, 73]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The movement which would become The United Methodist Church began in the mid-18th century within the Church of England. A small group of students, including John Wesley, Charles Wesley and George Whitefield, met on the Oxford University campus. They focused on Bible study, methodical study of scripture and living a holy life. Other students mocked them, saying they were the \"Holy Club\" and \"the Methodists\", being methodical and exceptionally detailed in their Bible study, opinions and disciplined lifestyle. Eventually, the so-called Methodists started individual societies or classes for members of the Church of England who wanted to live a more religious life.\nQuestion: When did the movement that would become The United Methodist Church begin? Answer:", "ideal_response": "mid-18th century"}
+{"id": "57290d811d04691400778fd2", "answers": {"text": ["Odinga", "Odinga", "Odinga"], "answer_start": [957, 957, 957]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In the Presidential elections, President Kibaki under the Party of National Unity ran for re-election against the main opposition party, the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM). The elections were seen to have been flawed with international observers saying that they were below international standards. After a split which took a crucial 8% of the votes away from the ODM to the newly formed Orange Democratic Movement-Kenya (ODM-K)'s candidate, Kalonzo Musyoka, the race tightened between ODM candidate Raila Odinga and Kibaki. As the count came into the Electoral Commission of Kenya (ECK) headquarters, Odinga was shown to have a slight, and then substantial lead as the results from his strongholds came in early. As the ECK continued to count the votes, Kibaki closed the gap and then overtook his opponent by a substantial margin after votes from his stronghold arrived later. This led to protests and open discrediting of the ECK for complicity and to Odinga declaring himself the \"people's president\" and calling for a recount.\nQuestion: Who called themselves the \"People's President\"? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Odinga"}
+{"id": "573383d0d058e614000b5c38", "answers": {"text": ["AvtoZAZ", "AvtoZAZ", "AvtoZAZ"], "answer_start": [585, 585, 585]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The FSO Car Factory was established in 1951. A number of vehicles have been assembled there over the decades, including the Warszawa, Syrena, Fiat 125p (under license from Fiat, later renamed FSO 125p when the license expired) and the Polonez. The last two models listed were also sent abroad and assembled in a number of other countries, including Egypt and Colombia. In 1995 the factory was purchased by the South Korean car manufacturer Daewoo, which assembled the Tico, Espero, Nubia, Tacuma, Leganza, Lanos and Matiz there for the European market. In 2005 the factory was sold to AvtoZAZ, a Ukrainian car manufacturer which assembled there the Chevrolet Aveo. The license for the production of the Aveo expired in February 2011 and has since not been renewed. Currently the company is defunct.\nQuestion: Who bought the factory in 2005? Answer:", "ideal_response": "AvtoZAZ"}
+{"id": "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e2", "answers": {"text": ["Pons", "Pons in France", "Pons"], "answer_start": [148, 148, 148]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In the early years, many Huguenots also settled in the area of present-day Charleston, South Carolina. In 1685, Rev. Elie Prioleau from the town of Pons in France, was among the first to settle there. He became pastor of the first Huguenot church in North America in that city. After the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, several Huguenot families of Norman and Carolingian nobility and descent, including Edmund Bohun of Suffolk England from the Humphrey de Bohun line of French royalty descended from Charlemagne, Jean Postell of Dieppe France, Alexander Pepin, Antoine Poitevin of Orsement France, and Jacques de Bordeaux of Grenoble, immigrated to the Charleston Orange district. They were very successful at marriage and property speculation. After petitioning the British Crown in 1697 for the right to own land in the Baronies, they prospered as slave owners on the Cooper, Ashepoo, Ashley and Santee River plantations they purchased from the British Landgrave Edmund Bellinger. Some of their descendants moved into the Deep South and Texas, where they developed new plantations.\nQuestion: Charleston settler Elie Prioleau was from what French town? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Pons"}
+{"id": "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50", "answers": {"text": ["ash leaf", "ash leaf", "an ash leaf"], "answer_start": [634, 634, 631]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Fresno (/ˈfrɛznoʊ/ FREZ-noh), the county seat of Fresno County, is a city in the U.S. state of California. As of 2015, the city's population was 520,159, making it the fifth-largest city in California, the largest inland city in California and the 34th-largest in the nation. Fresno is in the center of the San Joaquin Valley and is the largest city in the Central Valley, which contains the San Joaquin Valley. It is approximately 220 miles (350 km) northwest of Los Angeles, 170 miles (270 km) south of the state capital, Sacramento, or 185 miles (300 km) south of San Francisco. The name Fresno means \"ash tree\" in Spanish, and an ash leaf is featured on the city's flag.\nQuestion: What is featured on the city of Fresno's city flag? Answer:", "ideal_response": "ash leaf"}
+{"id": "5725c071271a42140099d128", "answers": {"text": ["Water on the eastern side flowed toward the Atlantic,", "toward the Atlantic", "toward the Atlantic"], "answer_start": [139, 172, 172]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: During the mid-Eocene, it is believed that the drainage basin of the Amazon was split along the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch. Water on the eastern side flowed toward the Atlantic, while to the west water flowed toward the Pacific across the Amazonas Basin. As the Andes Mountains rose, however, a large basin was created that enclosed a lake; now known as the Solimões Basin. Within the last 5–10 million years, this accumulating water broke through the Purus Arch, joining the easterly flow toward the Atlantic.\nQuestion: In which direction did the water on the eastern side flow? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Water on the eastern side flowed toward the Atlantic,"}
+{"id": "56beca913aeaaa14008c946f", "answers": {"text": ["Josh Norman", "Josh Norman", "Norman"], "answer_start": [620, 620, 625]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: With 4:51 left in regulation, Carolina got the ball on their own 24-yard line with a chance to mount a game-winning drive, and soon faced 3rd-and-9. On the next play, Miller stripped the ball away from Newton, and after several players dove for it, it took a long bounce backwards and was recovered by Ward, who returned it five yards to the Panthers 4-yard line. Although several players dove into the pile to attempt to recover it, Newton did not and his lack of aggression later earned him heavy criticism. Meanwhile, Denver's offense was kept out of the end zone for three plays, but a holding penalty on cornerback Josh Norman gave the Broncos a new set of downs. Then Anderson scored on a 2-yard touchdown run and Manning completed a pass to Bennie Fowler for a 2-point conversion, giving Denver a 24–10 lead with 3:08 left and essentially putting the game away. Carolina had two more drives, but failed to get a first down on each one.\nQuestion: What Panther defender was called for holding on third down? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Josh Norman"}
+{"id": "572929d56aef051400154b0c", "answers": {"text": ["tea or porridge with bread, chapati, mahamri, boiled sweet potatoes or yams", "porridge with bread, chapati, mahamri, boiled sweet potatoes or yams", "porridge with bread, chapati, mahamri, boiled sweet potatoes or yams"], "answer_start": [321, 328, 328]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Kenyans generally have three meals in a day – breakfast in the morning (kiamsha kinywa), lunch in the afternoon (chakula cha mchana) and supper in the evening (chakula cha jioni or known simply as \"chajio\"). In between, they have the 10 o'clock tea (chai ya saa nne) and 4 pm tea (chai ya saa kumi). Breakfast is usually tea or porridge with bread, chapati, mahamri, boiled sweet potatoes or yams. Ugali with vegetables, sour milk, meat, fish or any other stew is generally eaten by much of the population for lunch or supper. Regional variations and dishes also exist.\nQuestion: What are some normal breakfast foods? Answer:", "ideal_response": "tea or porridge with bread, chapati, mahamri, boiled sweet potatoes or yams"}
+{"id": "5726a4a9708984140094ccb8", "answers": {"text": ["Hoelun", "Hoelun", "Temujin's mother"], "answer_start": [320, 320, 303]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: For the next several years, Hoelun and her children lived in poverty, surviving primarily on wild fruits and ox carcasses, marmots, and other small game killed by Temüjin and his brothers. Begter, Temujin's older half-brother, began to exercise the power of the eldest male in the family and eventually Temujin's mother Hoelun (not Begter's mother) would have to accept him as her husband if and when he became an adult. Temujin's resentment erupted during one hunting excursion that Temüjin and his brother Khasar killed their half-brother Begter.\nQuestion: Who would Begter have married when he came of age? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Hoelun"}
+{"id": "57336755d058e614000b5a40", "answers": {"text": ["Łazienki", "Łazienki Park", "Łazienki Park"], "answer_start": [728, 728, 728]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Saxon Garden, covering the area of 15.5 ha, was formally a royal garden. There are over 100 different species of trees and the avenues are a place to sit and relax. At the east end of the park, the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is situated. In the 19th century the Krasiński Palace Garden was remodelled by Franciszek Szanior. Within the central area of the park one can still find old trees dating from that period: maidenhair tree, black walnut, Turkish hazel and Caucasian wingnut trees. With its benches, flower carpets, a pond with ducks on and a playground for kids, the Krasiński Palace Garden is a popular strolling destination for the Varsovians. The Monument of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising is also situated here. The Łazienki Park covers the area of 76 ha. The unique character and history of the park is reflected in its landscape architecture (pavilions, sculptures, bridges, cascades, ponds) and vegetation (domestic and foreign species of trees and bushes). What makes this park different from other green spaces in Warsaw is the presence of peacocks and pheasants, which can be seen here walking around freely, and royal carps in the pond. The Wilanów Palace Park, dates back to the second half of the 17th century. It covers the area of 43 ha. Its central French-styled area corresponds to the ancient, baroque forms of the palace. The eastern section of the park, closest to the Palace, is the two-level garden with a terrace facing the pond. The park around the Królikarnia Palace is situated on the old escarpment of the Vistula. The park has lanes running on a few levels deep into the ravines on both sides of the palace.\nQuestion: What park covers an area of 76 ha.? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Łazienki"}
+{"id": "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3d", "answers": {"text": ["diversified", "highly diversified", "highly diversified"], "answer_start": [34, 27, 27]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The economy of Victoria is highly diversified: service sectors including financial and property services, health, education, wholesale, retail, hospitality and manufacturing constitute the majority of employment. Victoria's total gross state product (GSP) is ranked second in Australia, although Victoria is ranked fourth in terms of GSP per capita because of its limited mining activity. Culturally, Melbourne is home to a number of museums, art galleries and theatres and is also described as the \"sporting capital of Australia\". The Melbourne Cricket Ground is the largest stadium in Australia, and the host of the 1956 Summer Olympics and the 2006 Commonwealth Games. The ground is also considered the \"spiritual home\" of Australian cricket and Australian rules football, and hosts the grand final of the Australian Football League (AFL) each year, usually drawing crowds of over 95,000 people. Victoria includes eight public universities, with the oldest, the University of Melbourne, having been founded in 1853.\nQuestion: What kind of economy does Victoria have? Answer:", "ideal_response": "diversified"}
+{"id": "57269c06708984140094cba5", "answers": {"text": ["Titian", "Michelangelo (sculpture)", "Michelangelo"], "answer_start": [1727, 1701, 1701]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: An ambitious scheme of decoration was developed for these new areas: a series of mosaic figures depicting famous European artists of the Medieval and Renaissance period. These have now been removed to other areas of the museum. Also started were a series of frescoes by Lord Leighton: Industrial Arts as Applied to War 1878–1880 and Industrial Arts Applied to Peace, which was started but never finished. To the east of this were additional galleries, the decoration of which was the work of another designer Owen Jones, these were the Oriental Courts (covering India, China and Japan) completed in 1863, none of this decoration survives, part of these galleries became the new galleries covering the 19th century, opened in December 2006. The last work by Fowke was the design for the range of buildings on the north and west sides of the garden, this includes the refreshment rooms, reinstated as the Museum Café in 2006, with the silver gallery above, (at the time the ceramics gallery), the top floor has a splendid lecture theatre although this is seldom open to the general public. The ceramic staircase in the northwest corner of this range of buildings was designed by F. W. Moody and has architectural details of moulded and coloured pottery. All the work on the north range was designed and built in 1864–69. The style adopted for this part of the museum was Italian Renaissance, much use was made of terracotta, brick and mosaic, this north façade was intended as the main entrance to the museum with its bronze doors designed by James Gamble & Reuben Townroe having six panels depicting: Humphry Davy (chemistry); Isaac Newton (astronomy); James Watt (mechanics); Bramante (architecture); Michelangelo (sculpture); Titian (painting); thus representing the range of the museums collections, Godfrey Sykes also designed the terracotta embellishments and the mosaic in the pediment of the North Façade commemorating the Great Exhibition the profits from which helped to fund the museum, this is flanked by terracotta statue groups by Percival Ball. This building replaced Brompton Park House, which could then be demolished to make way for the south range.\nQuestion: What Italian painter was depicted in the main bronze door entrance of the museum? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Titian"}
+{"id": "572917ff6aef051400154a61", "answers": {"text": ["Germany and the United Kingdom", "Germany and the United Kingdom", "Germany and the United Kingdom"], "answer_start": [285, 285, 285]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Kenya's services sector, which contributes 61% of GDP, is dominated by tourism. The tourism sector has exhibited steady growth in most years since independence and by the late 1980s had become the country's principal source of foreign exchange. Tourists, the largest number being from Germany and the United Kingdom, are attracted mainly to the coastal beaches and the game reserves, notably, the expansive East and West Tsavo National Park 20,808 square kilometres (8,034 sq mi) in the southeast. Tourism has seen a substantial revival over the past several years and is the major contributor to the pick-up in the country's economic growth. Tourism is now Kenya's largest foreign exchange earning sector, followed by flowers, tea, and coffee. In 2006 tourism generated US$803 million, up from US$699 million the previous year. Presently, there are also numerous Shopping Malls in Kenya. In addition, there are four main hypermarket chains in Kenya.\nQuestion: Where is the largest number of tourist coming from? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Germany and the United Kingdom"}
+{"id": "56e0d6367aa994140058e773", "answers": {"text": ["fifty thousand dollars", "fifty thousand dollars", "fifty thousand dollars"], "answer_start": [281, 281, 281]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Tesla was offered the task of completely redesigning the Edison Company's direct current generators. In 1885, he said that he could redesign Edison's inefficient motor and generators, making an improvement in both service and economy. According to Tesla, Edison remarked, \"There's fifty thousand dollars in it for you—if you can do it.\":54–57 :64 This has been noted as an odd statement from an Edison whose company was stingy with pay and who did not have that sort of cash on hand. After months of work, Tesla fulfilled the task and inquired about payment. Edison, saying that he was only joking, replied, \"Tesla, you don't understand our American humor.\":64  Instead, Edison offered a US$10 a week raise over Tesla's US$18 per week salary; Tesla refused the offer and immediately resigned.\nQuestion: How much did Tesla say Edison offered him to redesign his motor and generators? Answer:", "ideal_response": "fifty thousand dollars"}
+{"id": "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa8", "answers": {"text": ["June", "June", "annually in June"], "answer_start": [686, 686, 674]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Another green space in Newcastle is the Town Moor, lying immediately north of the city centre. It is larger than London's famous Hyde Park and Hampstead Heath put together and the freemen of the city have the right to graze cattle on it. The right incidentally extends to the pitch of St. James' Park, Newcastle United Football Club's ground, though this is not exercised, although the Freemen do collect rent for the loss of privilege. Honorary freemen include Bob Geldof, King Harald V of Norway, Bobby Robson, Alan Shearer, the late Nelson Mandela and the Royal Shakespeare Company. The Hoppings funfair, said to be the largest travelling funfair in Europe, is held here annually in June.\nQuestion: When is the funfair held in Newcastle? Answer:", "ideal_response": "June"}
+{"id": "5726f96ddd62a815002e969b", "answers": {"text": ["pharmaceutical care or clinical pharmacy", "pharmaceutical care or clinical pharmacy", "pharmaceutical care or clinical pharmacy"], "answer_start": [965, 965, 965]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: This shift has already commenced in some countries; for instance, pharmacists in Australia receive remuneration from the Australian Government for conducting comprehensive Home Medicines Reviews. In Canada, pharmacists in certain provinces have limited prescribing rights (as in Alberta and British Columbia) or are remunerated by their provincial government for expanded services such as medications reviews (Medschecks in Ontario). In the United Kingdom, pharmacists who undertake additional training are obtaining prescribing rights and this is because of pharmacy education. They are also being paid for by the government for medicine use reviews. In Scotland the pharmacist can write prescriptions for Scottish registered patients of their regular medications, for the majority of drugs, except for controlled drugs, when the patient is unable to see their doctor, as could happen if they are away from home or the doctor is unavailable. In the United States, pharmaceutical care or clinical pharmacy has had an evolving influence on the practice of pharmacy. Moreover, the Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm. D.) degree is now required before entering practice and some pharmacists now complete one or two years of residency or fellowship training following graduation. In addition, consultant pharmacists, who traditionally operated primarily in nursing homes are now expanding into direct consultation with patients, under the banner of \"senior care pharmacy.\"\nQuestion: What fields have increased in influence on pharmacy in the United States? Answer:", "ideal_response": "pharmaceutical care or clinical pharmacy"}
+{"id": "57297103af94a219006aa423", "answers": {"text": ["about thirty", "about thirty", "thirty"], "answer_start": [134, 134, 140]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In addition to chlorophylls, another group of yellow–orange pigments called carotenoids are also found in the photosystems. There are about thirty photosynthetic carotenoids. They help transfer and dissipate excess energy, and their bright colors sometimes override the chlorophyll green, like during the fall, when the leaves of some land plants change color. β-carotene is a bright red-orange carotenoid found in nearly all chloroplasts, like chlorophyll a. Xanthophylls, especially the orange-red zeaxanthin, are also common. Many other forms of carotenoids exist that are only found in certain groups of chloroplasts.\nQuestion: How many photosynthetic carotenoids are there? Answer:", "ideal_response": "about thirty"}
+{"id": "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223", "answers": {"text": ["strictly contained in P or equal to P", "contained in P or equal to P.", "strictly contained in P or equal to P"], "answer_start": [101, 110, 101]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Similarly, it is not known if L (the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space) is strictly contained in P or equal to P. Again, there are many complexity classes between the two, such as NL and NC, and it is not known if they are distinct or equal classes.\nQuestion: Though unkown, what are the most commonly ascribed attributes of L in relation to P Answer:", "ideal_response": "strictly contained in P or equal to P"}
+{"id": "572f7588947a6a140053c985", "answers": {"text": ["Wesel-Datteln Canal", "Wesel-Datteln Canal", "Wesel-Datteln Canal"], "answer_start": [547, 547, 547]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Lower Rhine flows through North Rhine-Westphalia. Its banks are usually heavily populated and industrialized, in particular the agglomerations Cologne, Düsseldorf and Ruhr area. Here the Rhine flows through the largest conurbation in Germany, the Rhine-Ruhr region. One of the most important cities in this region is Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe (Duisport). The region downstream of Duisburg is more agricultural. In Wesel, 30 km downstream of Duisburg, is located the western end of the second east-west shipping route, the Wesel-Datteln Canal, which runs parallel to the Lippe. Between Emmerich and Cleves the Emmerich Rhine Bridge, the longest suspension bridge in Germany, crosses the 400 m wide river. Near Krefeld, the river crosses the Uerdingen line, the line which separates the areas where Low German and High German are spoken.\nQuestion: What is the Canal in Wesel?  Answer:", "ideal_response": "Wesel-Datteln Canal"}
+{"id": "572883a33acd2414000dfa7b", "answers": {"text": ["Besh Baliq, Almaliq, and Samarqand", "Besh Baliq, Almaliq, and Samarqand", "Bukhara"], "answer_start": [361, 361, 211]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: At the same time the Mongols imported Central Asian Muslims to serve as administrators in China, the Mongols also sent Han Chinese and Khitans from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara in Central Asia, using foreigners to curtail the power of the local peoples of both lands. Han Chinese were moved to Central Asian areas like Besh Baliq, Almaliq, and Samarqand by the Mongols where they worked as artisans and farmers. Alans were recruited into the Mongol forces with one unit called \"Right Alan Guard\" which was combined with \"recently surrendered\" soldiers, Mongols, and Chinese soldiers stationed in the area of the former Kingdom of Qocho and in Besh Balikh the Mongols established a Chinese military colony led by Chinese general Qi Kongzhi (Ch'i Kung-chih). After the Mongol conquest of Central Asia by Genghis Khan, foreigners were chosen as administrators and co-management with Chinese and Qara-Khitays (Khitans) of gardens and fields in Samarqand was put upon the Muslims as a requirement since Muslims were not allowed to manage without them. The Mongol appointed Governor of Samarqand was a Qara-Khitay (Khitan), held the title Taishi, familiar with Chinese culture his name was Ahai\nQuestion: Where in Central Asia did the Han Chinese move? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Besh Baliq, Almaliq, and Samarqand"}
+{"id": "5705f36452bb891400689718", "answers": {"text": ["regional tourism groups", "regional tourism groups", "AAA Auto Clubs"], "answer_start": [55, 55, 156]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The state is most commonly divided and promoted by its regional tourism groups as consisting of northern, central, and southern California regions. The two AAA Auto Clubs of the state, the California State Automobile Association and the Automobile Club of Southern California, choose to simplify matters by dividing the state along the lines where their jurisdictions for membership apply, as either northern or southern California, in contrast to the three-region point of view. Another influence is the geographical phrase South of the Tehachapis, which would split the southern region off at the crest of that transverse range, but in that definition, the desert portions of north Los Angeles County and eastern Kern and San Bernardino Counties would be included in the southern California region due to their remoteness from the central valley and interior desert landscape.\nQuestion: Which organizations most commonly divide and promote the state? Answer:", "ideal_response": "regional tourism groups"}
+{"id": "57293e221d046914007791d5", "answers": {"text": ["substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations", "substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases", "substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations"], "answer_start": [139, 139, 139]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report says they are certain that emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases, resulting on average in an additional warming of the Earth's surface. They calculate with confidence that CO2 has been responsible for over half the enhanced greenhouse effect. They predict that under a \"business as usual\" (BAU) scenario, global mean temperature will increase by about 0.3 °C per decade during the [21st] century. They judge that global mean surface air temperature has increased by 0.3 to 0.6 °C over the last 100 years, broadly consistent with prediction of climate models, but also of the same magnitude as natural climate variability. The unequivocal detection of the enhanced greenhouse effect is not likely for a decade or more.\nQuestion: What does the WG I Summary for Policymakers report say human activities are doing to greenhouse gases? Answer:", "ideal_response": "substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations"}
+{"id": "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951b", "answers": {"text": ["CBS", "CBS", "CBS"], "answer_start": [0, 0, 0]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: CBS broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyoncé and Bruno Mars, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII and Super Bowl XLVIII halftime shows, respectively. It was the third-most watched U.S. broadcast ever.\nQuestion: Which network broadcasted the 50th Super Bowl game?  Answer:", "ideal_response": "CBS"}
+{"id": "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9528", "answers": {"text": ["two", "two", "two"], "answer_start": [51, 51, 51]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The league announced on October 16, 2012, that the two finalists were Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium. The South Florida/Miami area has previously hosted the event 10 times (tied for most with New Orleans), with the most recent one being Super Bowl XLIV in 2010. The San Francisco Bay Area last hosted in 1985 (Super Bowl XIX), held at Stanford Stadium in Stanford, California, won by the home team 49ers. The Miami bid depended on whether the stadium underwent renovations. However, on May 3, 2013, the Florida legislature refused to approve the funding plan to pay for the renovations, dealing a significant blow to Miami's chances.\nQuestion: In 2012, how many stadiums were named as finalists for hosting Super Bowl 50 before the final stadium was chosen? Answer:", "ideal_response": "two"}
+{"id": "570960cf200fba1400367f05", "answers": {"text": ["cloud storage", "cloud storage", "cloud storage service"], "answer_start": [288, 288, 288]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: In July 2013, the English High Court of Justice found that Microsoft’s use of the term \"SkyDrive\" infringed on Sky’s right to the \"Sky\" trademark. On 31 July 2013, BSkyB and Microsoft announced their settlement, in which Microsoft will not appeal the ruling, and will rename its SkyDrive cloud storage service after an unspecified \"reasonable period of time to allow for an orderly transition to a new brand,\" plus \"financial and other terms, the details of which are confidential\". On 27 January 2014, Microsoft announced \"that SkyDrive will soon become OneDrive\" and \"SkyDrive Pro\" becomes \"OneDrive for Business\".\nQuestion: What kind of service is the SkyDrive Service? Answer:", "ideal_response": "cloud storage"}
+{"id": "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8a", "answers": {"text": ["votes", "outcome of most votes", "outcome"], "answer_start": [20, 4, 4]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The outcome of most votes can be predicted beforehand since political parties normally instruct members which way to vote. Parties entrust some MSPs, known as whips, with the task of ensuring that party members vote according to the party line. MSPs do not tend to vote against such instructions, since those who do are unlikely to reach higher political ranks in their parties. Errant members can be deselected as official party candidates during future elections, and, in serious cases, may be expelled from their parties outright. Thus, as with many Parliaments, the independence of Members of the Scottish Parliament tends to be low, and backbench rebellions by members who are discontent with their party's policies are rare. In some circumstances, however, parties announce \"free votes\", which allows Members to vote as they please. This is typically done on moral issues.\nQuestion: What can often be predicted beforehand? Answer:", "ideal_response": "votes"}
+{"id": "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2f", "answers": {"text": ["Robert Underwood Johnson", "Robert Underwood Johnson", "Robert Underwood Johnson"], "answer_start": [167, 167, 167]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Tesla was asocial and prone to seclude himself with his work. However, when he did engage in a social life, many people spoke very positively and admiringly of Tesla. Robert Underwood Johnson described him as attaining a \"distinguished sweetness, sincerity, modesty, refinement, generosity, and force.\" His loyal secretary, Dorothy Skerrit, wrote: \"his genial smile and nobility of bearing always denoted the gentlemanly characteristics that were so ingrained in his soul.\" Tesla's friend, Julian Hawthorne, wrote, \"seldom did one meet a scientist or engineer who was also a poet, a philosopher, an appreciator of fine music, a linguist, and a connoisseur of food and drink.\":80\nQuestion: Who said Tesla had a \"distinguished sweetness\"? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Robert Underwood Johnson"}
+{"id": "57273581708984140094daec", "answers": {"text": ["a river", "river", "river"], "answer_start": [244, 246, 246]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: On October 6, 2004, a joint Japanese-Mongolian archaeological dig uncovered what is believed to be Genghis Khan's palace in rural Mongolia, which raises the possibility of actually locating the ruler's long-lost burial site. Folklore says that a river was diverted over his grave to make it impossible to find (the same manner of burial as the Sumerian King Gilgamesh of Uruk and Atilla the Hun). Other tales state that his grave was stampeded over by many horses, and that trees were then planted over the site, and the permafrost also did its part in hiding the burial site.\nQuestion: What kind of water body is rumored to be obscuring Genghis Khan's burial site? Answer:", "ideal_response": "a river"}
+{"id": "56e0ed557aa994140058e7dd", "answers": {"text": ["Egg of Columbus", "the Egg of Columbus", "Egg of Columbus"], "answer_start": [187, 183, 187]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Tesla also explained the principles of the rotating magnetic field in an induction motor by demonstrating how to make a copper egg stand on end using a device he constructed known as the Egg of Columbus.\nQuestion: What was Tesla's device called? Answer:", "ideal_response": "Egg of Columbus"}
+{"id": "570d44abb3d812140066d5fd", "answers": {"text": ["1,548", "1,548", "1,548"], "answer_start": [32, 32, 32]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: As of August 2010, Victoria had 1,548 public schools, 489 Catholic schools and 214 independent schools. Just under 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools, and just over 311,800 in private schools. Over 61 per cent of private students attend Catholic schools. More than 462,000 students were enrolled in primary schools and more than 390,000 in secondary schools. Retention rates for the final two years of secondary school were 77 per cent for public school students and 90 per cent for private school students. Victoria has about 63,519 full-time teachers.\nQuestion: By August 2010 how many public schools did Victoria have? Answer:", "ideal_response": "1,548"}
+{"id": "57269bb8708984140094cb96", "answers": {"text": ["article 30", "TFEU article 30", "TFEU article 30"], "answer_start": [1087, 530, 530]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Although it is generally accepted that EU law has primacy, not all EU laws give citizens standing to bring claims: that is, not all EU laws have \"direct effect\". In Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen it was held that the provisions of the Treaties (and EU Regulations) are directly effective, if they are (1) clear and unambiguous (2) unconditional, and (3) did not require EU or national authorities to take further action to implement them. Van Gend en Loos, a postal company, claimed that what is now TFEU article 30 prevented the Dutch Customs Authorities charging tariffs, when it imported urea-formaldehyde plastics from Germany to the Netherlands. After a Dutch court made a reference, the Court of Justice held that even though the Treaties did not \"expressly\" confer a right on citizens or companies to bring claims, they could do so. Historically, international treaties had only allowed states to have legal claims for their enforcement, but the Court of Justice proclaimed \"the Community constitutes a new legal order of international law\". Because article 30 clearly, unconditionally and immediately stated that no quantitative restrictions could be placed on trade, without a good justification, Van Gend en Loos could recover the money it paid for the tariff. EU Regulations are the same as Treaty provisions in this sense, because as TFEU article 288 states, they are ‘directly applicable in all Member States’. Moreover, member states comes under a duty not to replicate Regulations in their own law, in order to prevent confusion. For instance, in Commission v Italy the Court of Justice held that Italy had breached a duty under the Treaties, both by failing to operate a scheme to pay farmers a premium to slaughter cows (to reduce dairy overproduction), and by reproducing the rules in a decree with various additions. \"Regulations,\" held the Court of Justice, \"come into force solely by virtue of their publication\" and implementation could have the effect of \"jeopardizing their simultaneous and uniform application in the whole of the Union.\" On the other hand, some Regulations may themselves expressly require implementing measures, in which case those specific rules should be followed.\nQuestion: Which TEFU article states that no quantitative restrictions can be placed on trade? Answer:", "ideal_response": "article 30"}
+{"id": "571090abb654c5140001f996", "answers": {"text": ["The Weavers", "The Weavers", "The Weavers"], "answer_start": [191, 191, 191]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Other evidence of the Walloons and Huguenots in Canterbury includes a block of houses in Turnagain Lane, where weavers' windows survive on the top floor, as many Huguenots worked as weavers. The Weavers, a half-timbered house by the river, was the site of a weaving school from the late 16th century to about 1830. (It has been adapted as a restaurant—see illustration above. The house derives its name from a weaving school which was moved there in the last years of the 19th century, reviving an earlier use.) Others refugees practised the variety of occupations necessary to sustain the community as distinct from the indigenous population. Such economic separation was the condition of the refugees' initial acceptance in the City. They also settled elsewhere in Kent, particularly Sandwich, Faversham and Maidstone—towns in which there used to be refugee churches.\nQuestion: What house was the site of a weaving school in Canterbury? Answer:", "ideal_response": "The Weavers"}
+{"id": "56d9a637dc89441400fdb69a", "answers": {"text": ["black jerseys with silver pants.", "black jerseys with silver pants", "black"], "answer_start": [993, 993, 993]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: As the designated home team in the annual rotation between AFC and NFC teams, the Broncos elected to wear their road white jerseys with matching white pants. Elway stated, \"We've had Super Bowl success in our white uniforms.\" The Broncos last wore matching white jerseys and pants in the Super Bowl in Super Bowl XXXIII, Elway's last game as Denver QB, when they defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34–19. In their only other Super Bowl win in Super Bowl XXXII, Denver wore blue jerseys, which was their primary color at the time. They also lost Super Bowl XXI when they wore white jerseys, but they are 0-4 in Super Bowls when wearing orange jerseys, losing in Super Bowl XII, XXII, XXIV, and XLVIII. The only other AFC champion team to have worn white as the designated home team in the Super Bowl was the Pittsburgh Steelers; they defeated the Seattle Seahawks 21–10 in Super Bowl XL 10 seasons prior. The Broncos' decision to wear white meant the Panthers would wear their standard home uniform: black jerseys with silver pants.\nQuestion: Since Denver chose white, what colors did Carolina wear in Super Bowl 50? Answer:", "ideal_response": "black jerseys with silver pants."}
+{"id": "56d9b01fdc89441400fdb6d4", "answers": {"text": ["gold", "gold", "gold"], "answer_start": [8, 8, 8]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: Various gold-themed promotions and initiatives were held throughout the 2015 NFL season to tie into the \"Golden Super Bowl\"; gold-tinted logos were implemented across the NFL's properties and painted on fields, the numbering of the 50-yard line on fields was colored gold, and beginning on week 7, all sideline jackets and hats featured gold-trimmed logos. Gold footballs were given to each high school that has had a player or coach appear in the Super Bowl, and \"homecoming\" events were also held by Super Bowl-winning teams at games.\nQuestion: Since this was the 50th one, what was the theme color for the Super Bowl? Answer:", "ideal_response": "gold"}
+{"id": "5726577f708984140094c301", "answers": {"text": ["between 1500 and 1850", "1500 and 1850", "1500 and 1850"], "answer_start": [137, 145, 145]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The Black Death ravaged much of the Islamic world. Plague was present in at least one location in the Islamic world virtually every year between 1500 and 1850. Plague repeatedly struck the cities of North Africa. Algiers lost 30 to 50 thousand inhabitants to it in 1620–21, and again in 1654–57, 1665, 1691, and 1740–42. Plague remained a major event in Ottoman society until the second quarter of the 19th century. Between 1701 and 1750, thirty-seven larger and smaller epidemics were recorded in Constantinople, and an additional thirty-one between 1751 and 1800. Baghdad has suffered severely from visitations of the plague, and sometimes two-thirds of its population has been wiped out.\nQuestion: During which years was the plague present in Islamic countries? Answer:", "ideal_response": "between 1500 and 1850"}
+{"id": "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921f", "answers": {"text": ["2010", "2010", "2010"], "answer_start": [261, 261, 261]}, "prompt": "Extract from the following context the minimal span word for word that best answers the question.\n- If a question does not make any sense, or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct.\n- If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.\n- If the answer is not in the context, the answer should be \"?\".\n- Your answer should not include any other text than the answer to the question. Don't include any other text like \"Here is the answer to the question:\" or \"The minimal span word for word that best answers the question is:\" or anything like that.\n\nContext: The league announced on October 16, 2012, that the two finalists were Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium. The South Florida/Miami area has previously hosted the event 10 times (tied for most with New Orleans), with the most recent one being Super Bowl XLIV in 2010. The San Francisco Bay Area last hosted in 1985 (Super Bowl XIX), held at Stanford Stadium in Stanford, California, won by the home team 49ers. The Miami bid depended on whether the stadium underwent renovations. However, on May 3, 2013, the Florida legislature refused to approve the funding plan to pay for the renovations, dealing a significant blow to Miami's chances.\nQuestion: In what year was the Super Bowl last held in the Miami/South Florida area? Answer:", "ideal_response": "2010"}