feat: Add Google Vertex AI inference provider support (#2841)

# What does this PR do?
- Add new Vertex AI remote inference provider with litellm integration
- Support for Gemini models through Google Cloud Vertex AI platform
- Uses Google Cloud Application Default Credentials (ADC) for
authentication
- Added VertexAI models: gemini-2.5-flash, gemini-2.5-pro,
gemini-2.0-flash.
- Updated provider registry to include vertexai provider
- Updated starter template to support Vertex AI configuration
- Added comprehensive documentation and sample configuration

<!-- If resolving an issue, uncomment and update the line below -->
relates to https://github.com/meta-llama/llama-stack/issues/2747

## Test Plan
<!-- Describe the tests you ran to verify your changes with result
summaries. *Provide clear instructions so the plan can be easily
re-executed.* -->

Signed-off-by: Eran Cohen <eranco@redhat.com>
Co-authored-by: Francisco Arceo <arceofrancisco@gmail.com>

llama_stack/providers/remote/inference/vertexai/vertexai.py

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+# Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# This source code is licensed under the terms described in the LICENSE file in
+# the root directory of this source tree.
+
+from typing import Any
+
+from llama_stack.apis.inference import ChatCompletionRequest
+from llama_stack.providers.utils.inference.litellm_openai_mixin import (
+    LiteLLMOpenAIMixin,
+)
+
+from .config import VertexAIConfig
+from .models import MODEL_ENTRIES
+
+
+class VertexAIInferenceAdapter(LiteLLMOpenAIMixin):
+    def __init__(self, config: VertexAIConfig) -> None:
+        LiteLLMOpenAIMixin.__init__(
+            self,
+            MODEL_ENTRIES,
+            litellm_provider_name="vertex_ai",
+            api_key_from_config=None,  # Vertex AI uses ADC, not API keys
+            provider_data_api_key_field="vertex_project",  # Use project for validation
+        )
+        self.config = config
+
+    def get_api_key(self) -> str:
+        # Vertex AI doesn't use API keys, it uses Application Default Credentials
+        # Return empty string to let litellm handle authentication via ADC
+        return ""
+
+    async def _get_params(self, request: ChatCompletionRequest) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        # Get base parameters from parent
+        params = await super()._get_params(request)
+
+        # Add Vertex AI specific parameters
+        provider_data = self.get_request_provider_data()
+        if provider_data:
+            if getattr(provider_data, "vertex_project", None):
+                params["vertex_project"] = provider_data.vertex_project
+            if getattr(provider_data, "vertex_location", None):
+                params["vertex_location"] = provider_data.vertex_location
+        else:
+            params["vertex_project"] = self.config.project
+            params["vertex_location"] = self.config.location
+
+        # Remove api_key since Vertex AI uses ADC
+        params.pop("api_key", None)
+
+        return params