diff --git a/llama_stack/providers/inline/datasetio/localfs/config.py b/llama_stack/providers/inline/datasetio/localfs/config.py
index 1b89df63b..f4f495b95 100644
--- a/llama_stack/providers/inline/datasetio/localfs/config.py
+++ b/llama_stack/providers/inline/datasetio/localfs/config.py
@@ -5,5 +5,14 @@
 # the root directory of this source tree.
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
+from llama_stack.distribution.utils.config_dirs import RUNTIME_BASE_DIR
+from llama_stack.providers.utils.kvstore.config import (
+    KVStoreConfig,
+    SqliteKVStoreConfig,
+)
 
-class LocalFSDatasetIOConfig(BaseModel): ...
+
+class LocalFSDatasetIOConfig(BaseModel):
+    kvstore: KVStoreConfig = SqliteKVStoreConfig(
+        db_path=(RUNTIME_BASE_DIR / "localfs_datasetio.db").as_posix()
+    )  # Uses SQLite config specific to localfs storage
diff --git a/llama_stack/providers/inline/datasetio/localfs/datasetio.py b/llama_stack/providers/inline/datasetio/localfs/datasetio.py
index 442053fb3..d1903e861 100644
--- a/llama_stack/providers/inline/datasetio/localfs/datasetio.py
+++ b/llama_stack/providers/inline/datasetio/localfs/datasetio.py
@@ -18,10 +18,14 @@ from llama_stack.apis.datasets import Dataset
 
 from llama_stack.providers.datatypes import DatasetsProtocolPrivate
 from llama_stack.providers.utils.datasetio.url_utils import get_dataframe_from_url
+from llama_stack.providers.utils.kvstore import kvstore_impl
 
 from .config import LocalFSDatasetIOConfig
 
 
+DATASETS_PREFIX = "localfs_datasets:"
+
+
 class BaseDataset(ABC):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
@@ -86,8 +90,22 @@ class LocalFSDatasetIOImpl(DatasetIO, DatasetsProtocolPrivate):
         self.config = config
         # local registry for keeping track of datasets within the provider
         self.dataset_infos = {}
+        self.kvstore = None
 
-    async def initialize(self) -> None: ...
+    async def initialize(self) -> None:
+        self.kvstore = await kvstore_impl(self.config.kvstore)
+        # Load existing datasets from kvstore
+        start_key = DATASETS_PREFIX
+        end_key = f"{DATASETS_PREFIX}\xff"
+        stored_datasets = await self.kvstore.range(start_key, end_key)
+
+        for dataset in stored_datasets:
+            dataset = Dataset.model_validate_json(dataset)
+            dataset_impl = PandasDataframeDataset(dataset)
+            self.dataset_infos[dataset.identifier] = DatasetInfo(
+                dataset_def=dataset,
+                dataset_impl=dataset_impl,
+            )
 
     async def shutdown(self) -> None: ...
 
@@ -95,6 +113,12 @@ class LocalFSDatasetIOImpl(DatasetIO, DatasetsProtocolPrivate):
         self,
         dataset: Dataset,
     ) -> None:
+        # Store in kvstore
+        key = f"{DATASETS_PREFIX}{dataset.identifier}"
+        await self.kvstore.set(
+            key=key,
+            value=dataset.json(),
+        )
         dataset_impl = PandasDataframeDataset(dataset)
         self.dataset_infos[dataset.identifier] = DatasetInfo(
             dataset_def=dataset,
@@ -102,6 +126,8 @@ class LocalFSDatasetIOImpl(DatasetIO, DatasetsProtocolPrivate):
         )
 
     async def unregister_dataset(self, dataset_id: str) -> None:
+        key = f"{DATASETS_PREFIX}{dataset_id}"
+        await self.kvstore.delete(key=key)
         del self.dataset_infos[dataset_id]
 
     async def get_rows_paginated(